C# Windows Forms忘记密码功能邮件发送代码问题排查求助

我正在开发基于MongoDB的C# WinForms应用的忘记密码功能，已完成EmailService.cs、相关窗体及业务逻辑代码，但点击「获取令牌」按钮后始终显示“Something went wrong”，无法发送邮件。出于安全考虑，代码中留空了邮箱地址和密码，GPT判定代码逻辑正确，但问题依旧。

相关代码 #

EmailService.cs #

using System.Net.Mail;
using System.Net;
using System;

namespace Logic
{
    public class EmailService
    {
        public void SendEmail(string recipient, string subject, string body)
        {
            var fromAddress = new MailAddress("", "The Garden Group");
            var toAddress = new MailAddress(recipient);
            // This password should be retrieved securely from a configuration file or environment variable
            const string fromPassword = "";

            var smtp = new SmtpClient
            {
                Host = "smtp.gmail.com",
                Port = 587,
                EnableSsl = true,
                DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.Network,
                UseDefaultCredentials = false,
                Credentials = new NetworkCredential(fromAddress.Address, fromPassword)
            };

            using (var message = new MailMessage(fromAddress, toAddress)
            {
                Subject = subject,
                Body = body
            })
            {
                try
                {
                    smtp.Send(message);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    // Log or handle the exception here
                    // For example, you could log to console or to a file
                    Console.WriteLine("Error sending email: " + ex.Message);
                    throw; // Re-throwing the exception is optional depending on how you want to handle it.
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

窗体按钮点击事件 #

private void getTokenButton_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string email = emailTextBox.Text;
    // Call the correct method to request a password reset
    bool requestSent = userService.RequestPasswordReset(email);
    if (requestSent)
    {
        tokenErrorLabel.Text = "If the email is registered, we will send a reset token to it.";
    }
    else
    {
        tokenErrorLabel.Text = "Something went wrong.";
    }
}

RequestPasswordReset函数 #

public bool RequestPasswordReset(string email)
{
    if (!EmailExists(email))
    {
        return false;
    }

    // Generate the reset token
    string token = GenerateResetToken();

    // Save the reset token in the database for later verification
    dao.SetResetToken(email, token);

    try
    {
        // Initialize your EmailService with the actual credentials and host information
        EmailService emailService = new EmailService();

        // Craft the body of the email
        string emailBody = $"Your password reset token is: {token}";

        // Send the email with the token
        emailService.SendEmail(email, "Password Reset Request", emailBody);

        // If SendEmail does not throw an exception, return true to indicate the email was sent
        return true;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // Log the exception as needed
        Console.WriteLine("Error sending email: " + ex.Message);

        // Return false if there was a problem sending the email
        return false;
    }
}

排查步骤 #

• 填充有效邮箱凭据：当前代码中fromAddress和fromPassword为空，必须填入真实的发件邮箱地址和对应授权码（Gmail用户需使用应用专用密码，而非原账户密码，尤其是开启2FA的情况）。
• 检查Gmail账户配置：
  • 前往Gmail设置-「转发和POP/IMAP」，确认IMAP服务已启用；
  • 若账户开启了两步验证，必须生成并使用应用专用密码；
  • 无需开启“不太安全的应用访问”（该功能已被Google淘汰）。
• 捕获完整异常信息：修改异常处理代码，将Console.WriteLine("Error sending email: " + ex.Message);改为Console.WriteLine("Error sending email: " + ex.ToString());，获取包含堆栈跟踪、内部异常的完整错误详情，精准定位故障原因（如SMTP认证失败、端口被拦截、网络不通等）。
• 验证SMTP参数顺序：确保UseDefaultCredentials = false在设置Credentials之前配置，否则Credentials会被覆盖。
• 校验EmailExists逻辑：添加日志输出验证EmailExists(email)是否正确识别已注册邮箱，若该方法返回false，会直接触发错误提示。
• 测试网络连通性：检查应用所在设备能否访问smtp.gmail.com的587端口，排查防火墙、代理是否拦截了SMTP请求。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者HelloThere34