如何解决LaTeX简历中轮状图文字重叠、错位及溢出问题？

问题描述 #

作为LaTeX新手，制作简历时使用轮状图展示技能，遇到以下三个排版问题：

• 文字与图形重叠
• 图形未居中显示
• 文字溢出至页面右侧区域

相关代码 #

.tex 文件代码 #

\profilesection{Hard Skills}
    \wheelchart{3.7em}{2em}{%
        20/3em/yellow!75/\mbox{Object Oriented Programming},
        30/4em/Opal!40/C\#,
        30/3em/blue!75/.NET Core,
        30/3em/orange!75/\mbox{Software Engineering}
    }

.cls 文件代码 #

\newcommand{\wheelchart}[4][-90]{%
\def\outerradius{#2}%
\def\innerradius{#3}%
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}%
\foreach\value/\colour/\name in {#4} {%
    \pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}%
    \global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult%
}%
\begin{tikzpicture}

    % Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}

    % Rotate so we start from the top
    \begin{scope}[rotate=#1, on background layer]
    % Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the
    % wheel
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
    \foreach \value/\width/\colour/\name in {#4} {
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}

        % Calculate the percent value
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
        % Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}

        % This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
        \pgfmathparse{
            (-\midangle>180?"west":"east")
        } \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
        \pgfmathparse{
            (-\midangle>180?"flush left":"flush right")
        } \edef\textalign{\pgfmathresult}
        \pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle<180)}

        % Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so
        % we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
        \filldraw[draw=white,fill=\colour]
            (-\cumnum:\outerradius)
            arc (-\cumnum:-\newcumnum:\outerradius)
            -- (-\newcumnum:\innerradius)
            arc (-\newcumnum:-\cumnum:\innerradius)
            -- cycle;

        % Draw the data labels
        \draw [*-,thin,wheelchartlabelcolor] node [append after command={
            (\midangle:\midradius pt) --
            (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) --
            (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [
            xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=1ex,
            outer sep=0pt,
            text width=\width,
            anchor=\textanchor,
            align=\textalign,
            font=\small,
            text=wheeltextcolor
        ]{\name};
        % Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
        \global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
    }
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}\par

当前效果 #

轮状图存在文字与图形重叠、整体未居中、右侧文字溢出页面的问题。

解决方案 #

1. 修复图形未居中问题 #

将tikzpicture环境包裹在center环境中，确保图形整体居中：

% 修改.cls文件中的tikzpicture部分
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    % 原tikz代码保持不变
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

2. 解决文字重叠与溢出问题 #

调整标签位置与间距

修改.cls文件中标签的xshift和inner sep参数，减少标签与图形的偏移量，避免重叠：

% 替换原标签绘制代码
\draw [*-,thin,wheelchartlabelcolor] node [append after command={
    (\midangle:\midradius pt) --
    (\midangle:\outerradius + 1.5ex) --
    (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1.5ex) [
    xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.2cm,inner sep=0.5ex,
    outer sep=0pt,
    text width=\width,
    anchor=\textanchor,
    align=\textalign,
    font=\small,
    text=wheeltextcolor
]{\name};

优化文本宽度与轮状图尺寸

在.tex调用中，根据文字长度调整text width（给长文本分配更宽的空间），同时适当缩小轮状图半径，给外侧标签留出更多页面空间：

\profilesection{Hard Skills}
    \wheelchart{3em}{1.8em}{%
        20/5em/yellow!75/\mbox{Object Oriented Programming},
        30/4em/Opal!40/C\#,
        30/3em/blue!75/.NET Core,
        30/4em/orange!75/\mbox{Software Engineering}
    }

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Keerthi Nandigam