Spring Boot文档注册API启动报错：无法找到Repository Bean

问题分析 #

启动报错核心是Spring无法创建BeneficiarioRepository和DocumentoRepository的Bean，根源有两点：

1. 依赖版本不兼容：你使用的Spring Boot 3.1.5基于Jakarta EE规范，但手动引入了适配Java EE的Hibernate 5.3.10，同时手动添加的spring-data-jpa依赖与Spring Boot starter自带的依赖冲突。
2. 实体类API包错误：Spring Boot 3要求JPA实体使用jakarta.persistence.*包，而非旧的javax.persistence.*，旧包会导致JPA无法识别实体，进而无法生成Repository代理类。

修复步骤 #

1. 修正pom.xml依赖 #

移除手动添加的hibernate-core和spring-data-jpa依赖，改用Spring Boot官方的spring-boot-starter-data-jpa，它会自动管理兼容的Hibernate、Spring Data JPA版本：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 更新实体类的导入包 #

将两个实体类中的javax.persistence.*替换为jakarta.persistence.*：

修改后的Beneficiario实体

package pldesaude.CadastroDeBeneficiario.entity;

import jakarta.persistence.*;
import java.util.Date;

@Entity
public class Beneficiario {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String nome;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date dataNascimento;

    // getter和setter代码保持不变
}

修改后的Documento实体

package pldesaude.CadastroDeBeneficiario.entity;

import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;
import java.util.Date;

@Entity
public class Documento {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String tipoDocumento;
    private String descricao;
    private Date dataAtualizacao;

    // getter和setter代码保持不变
}

3. 清理并重建项目 #

执行Maven命令清理缓存并重新构建：

mvn clean install

完成后重启应用，即可正常启动。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rodrigo Santos