同一时刻运行Selenium/Chromedriver两次触发SessionNotCreatedException错误

云上老周

2026-7-6

同一秒触发两次Python截图脚本时出现SessionNotCreatedException错误

我有一段按需执行的Python代码，用于对本地部署的HTTPS网站截图，存在同一秒内被触发两次的可能。若两次执行间隔至少一秒，代码可正常运行数百次；但同一秒运行时，其中一次会抛出如下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/trading/python/screenshot_rsi.py", line 37, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 80, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/chromium/webdriver.py", line 104, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 286, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 378, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 440, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 245, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created: Chrome failed to start: exited normally.
  (chrome not reachable)
  (The process started from chrome location /snap/bin/chromium is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
Stacktrace:
#0 0x56223f1c45e3 <unknown>
#1 0x56223ee870b7 <unknown>
#2 0x56223eebde55 <unknown>
#3 0x56223eebab81 <unknown>
#4 0x56223ef0547f <unknown>
#5 0x56223eefbcc3 <unknown>
#6 0x56223eec70e4 <unknown>
#7 0x56223eec80ae <unknown>
#8 0x56223f18ace1 <unknown>
#9 0x56223f18eb7e <unknown>
#10 0x56223f1784b5 <unknown>
#11 0x56223f18f7d6 <unknown>
#12 0x56223f15bdbf <unknown>
#13 0x56223f1b2748 <unknown>
#14 0x56223f1b2917 <unknown>
#15 0x56223f1c3773 <unknown>
#16 0x7f28612c1609 start_thread

已尝试的调试方法

添加/移除配置选项
使用独立的--profile-directory、--user-data-dir
指定不同固定端口
添加/移除driver.quit()
创建两个脚本分别命名driver1和driver2

以上方法均无法解决问题。

当前使用的Python代码

import argparse
import random
import string
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from multiprocessing import Process

# Function to generate a random filename
def generate_random_filename():
    characters = string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits
    return ''.join(random.choice(characters) for _ in range(20))

# Parse command-line arguments
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Capture a screenshot of page.')
parser.add_argument('--time', type=str, required=True, help='The time.')
args = parser.parse_args()

min_port = 9000 
max_port = 9999
random_port = random.randint(min_port, max_port)

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.binary_location = '/snap/bin/chromium' 
options.add_argument("--user-data-dir=/tmp-chromium")
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.add_argument(r'--profile-directory=Profile2')
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument("--disable-setuid-sandbox")
options.add_argument(f"--remote-debugging-port={random_port}")
options.add_argument('--headless=new')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
options.add_argument('--hide-scrollbars')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

driver.set_window_size(2200, 1200)
url = f"https://my.url/page?time={args.time}"
driver.get(url)

try:
    max_wait_time = 10  # Adjust this according to your needs
    WebDriverWait(driver, max_wait_time).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "cssSelector"))
    )
    screenshot_filename = generate_random_filename()
    screenshot_path = f"/var/www/html/screenshots/{screenshot_filename}.png"
    driver.save_screenshot(screenshot_path)
    print(screenshot_path)
except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

版本信息

Chromium 119.0.6045.105 snap
ChromeDriver 119.0.6045.105

解决思路与方案

使用独立临时用户数据目录
两个进程共用/tmp-chromium会触发文件锁冲突，应为每个进程生成唯一临时目录：

import tempfile
import shutil

# 创建临时目录
user_data_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="chromium_")
options.add_argument(f"--user-data-dir={user_data_dir}")

# 脚本结束后清理目录
try:
    # 截图逻辑...
finally:
    if 'driver' in locals():
        driver.quit()
    shutil.rmtree(user_data_dir)

避免端口冲突
随机端口仍有极小概率撞车，可取消指定--remote-debugging-port，让Chromium自动分配端口；或添加端口检测逻辑，确保使用未被占用的端口。

添加进程锁或启动延迟

文件锁：用文件锁限制同一时间只有一个实例启动：

import fcntl
import time

lock_file = open("/tmp/screenshot_lock", "w")
try:
    fcntl.flock(lock_file, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
    # 启动Chromium代码
except BlockingIOError:
    time.sleep(0.5)
    # 重试或退出
finally:
    lock_file.close()

随机延迟：在脚本开头添加time.sleep(random.uniform(0, 0.5))，分散启动时间。

修复资源释放逻辑
当前代码未调用driver.quit()，导致残留进程积累，应在finally块中确保关闭浏览器：

try:
    # 截图逻辑
except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
finally:
    if 'driver' in locals():
        driver.quit()

检查Snap权限限制
Snap版本Chromium可能有沙箱限制，尝试改用Debian包安装的Chromium，或调整Snap权限：
```
sudo snap install chromium --classic
```

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者theplau

同一时刻运行Selenium/Chromedriver两次触发SessionNotCreatedException错误

已尝试的调试方法 #

当前使用的Python代码 #

版本信息 #

解决思路与方案 #

已尝试的调试方法

当前使用的Python代码

版本信息

解决思路与方案