如何用CoreText加载与AppKit的NSFont效果一致的字体？

我尝试使用CTFontCreateWithFontDescriptor()加载字体，但其表现与NSFont()加载的字体存在差异，目标是用CoreText加载出与AppKit完全一致的字体。

NSTextField表现差异 #

将两种字体用于NSTextField时，文本偏移和渲染效果不匹配：

let familyName = "Helvetica"
let fontSize: CGFloat = 30
let string = "Hello, World! gÖ,|#"

// 用AppKit加载字体
let font1 = NSFont(name: familyName, size: fontSize)!

// 用CoreText API加载字体
let font2 = CTFontCreateWithFontDescriptor(CTFontDescriptorCreateWithAttributes([
    kCTFontFamilyNameAttribute: familyName,
    kCTFontSizeAttribute: fontSize,
] as [CFString : Any] as CFDictionary), 0, nil) as NSFont

// 设置文本框
let field1 = NSTextField()
let field2 = NSTextField()
field1.setAsLabel()
field2.setAsLabel()
field1.font = font1
field2.font = font2
field1.stringValue = string
field2.stringValue = string

NSTextField结果预览

NSAttributedString边界框差异 #

将两种字体用于NSAttributedString时，文本的边界框高度不同：

let bounds1 = NSAttributedString(string: string, attributes: [
    .font: font1
]).boundingRect(with: .infinity)

let bounds2 = NSAttributedString(string: string, attributes: [
    .font: font2
]).boundingRect(with: .infinity)

print(bounds1) // 输出: (0.0, -7.0, 252.3486328125, 37.0)
print(bounds2) // 输出: (0.0, -7.0, 252.3486328125, 31.0)

调查过程 #

我对比了字体、字体属性、特性、功能设置甚至二进制字体表，未发现差异，推测是内部因素改变了表现。
我发现若为NSAttributedString的边界框获取方法添加.usesDeviceMetrics选项，两者返回结果一致，但帧也完全不同：

let bounds1 = NSAttributedString(string: "Hello, World! gÖ,|#", attributes: [.font: font1]).boundingRect(with: .infinity, options: [.usesDeviceMetrics])
let bounds2 = NSAttributedString(string: "Hello, World! gÖ,|#", attributes: [.font: font2]).boundingRect(with: .infinity, options: [.usesDeviceMetrics])

print(bounds1) // 输出: (2.3583984375, -6.6357421875, 249.9609375, 33.837890625)
print(bounds2) // 输出: (2.3583984375, -6.6357421875, 249.9609375, 33.837890625)

问题 #

如何用CoreText加载出与NSFont效果一致的字体？
次要问题：为何NSTextField会将其帧原点设为-2.0？

附：代码中使用的扩展 #

extension CGSize {
    public static var infinity: Self {
        .init(width: CGFloat.infinity, height: CGFloat.infinity)
    }
}

extension NSTextField {
    func setAsLabel() {
        translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        isBezeled = false
        isBordered = false
        isEditable = false
        isSelectable = false
        drawsBackground = false
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Marcel Kiss