使用Python Zeep调用FedEx追踪服务时遇405方法不允许错误

尝试用Python的Zeep库集成FedEx追踪服务时，发送请求遇到「405 Client Error: Method Not Allowed」错误。已遵循FedEx开发指南操作，SoapUI中使用WSDL可成功运行，但Python用Zeep实现时出错。

出错代码片段 #

from zeep import Client
from zeep.exceptions import Fault
from zeep.transports import Transport
from requests import Session
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

WSDL_URL = "https://wsbeta.fedex.com:443/web-services"

# authentication for the WSDL URL
session = Session()
session.auth = HTTPBasicAuth("USERNAME', 'PASSWORD') 

transport_with_basic_auth = Transport(session=session)

# Initialize the client with the FedEx WSDL URL
client = Client(WSDL_URL, transport=transport_with_basic_auth)

web_authentication_detail = {
    "UserCredential": {
        "Key": "---",
        "Password": "---"
    }
}

client_detail = {
    "AccountNumber": "---",
    "MeterNumber": "----"
}

tracking_number = "557----"  

#  a request dictionary
request_dict = {
    "WebAuthenticationDetail": web_authentication_detail,
    "ClientDetail": client_detail,
    "TransactionDetail": {
        "CustomerTransactionId": "Test Transaction"
    },
    "Version": {
        "ServiceId": "trck",
        "Major": 20,
        "Intermediate": 0,
        "Minor": 0
    },
    "SelectionDetails": {
        "CarrierCode": None,  
        "PackageIdentifier": {
            "Type": "TRACKING_NUMBER_OR_DOORTAG",
            "Value": tracking_number
        }
    }
}
try:
    # Send the tracking request
    response = client.service.track(**request_dict)
    print(response)
except Fault as e:
    print("Error:", e)

错误信息 #

requests.exceptions.HTTPError: 405 Client Error: Method Not Allowed for url: https://wsbeta.fedex.com:443/web-services

已尝试操作 #

• 确认URL正确且可访问
• 在SoapUI中验证WSDL，可正常运行
• 检查凭证正确性

问题原因 #

1. WSDL路径错误：直接传入的是FedEx通用服务端点，而非追踪服务对应的具体WSDL文件URL，Zeep无法正确解析服务结构并发送请求。
2. 多余的HTTP Basic Auth：FedEx SOAP服务的认证是通过请求体中的WebAuthenticationDetail传递，额外的HTTP Basic Auth会干扰请求的正常发送。
3. 请求方法不匹配：错误的URL端点不接受SOAP请求所需的POST方法，导致405错误。

修复步骤 #

1. 替换为具体WSDL URL：使用FedEx测试环境追踪服务的专属WSDL地址：https://wsbeta.fedex.com:443/web-services/TrackService_v20.wsdl
2. 移除HTTP Basic Auth代码：删除Session、Transport相关的基础认证逻辑，仅保留请求体中的凭证信息。
3. 验证请求参数：确保Version中的版本号与WSDL对应（v20版本的Major=20是正确的），SelectionDetails参数符合FedEx要求。

修正后的代码 #

from zeep import Client
from zeep.exceptions import Fault

# 使用追踪服务对应的具体WSDL URL
WSDL_URL = "https://wsbeta.fedex.com:443/web-services/TrackService_v20.wsdl"

# 直接初始化Client，无需额外HTTP认证
client = Client(WSDL_URL)

web_authentication_detail = {
    "UserCredential": {
        "Key": "你的测试API Key",
        "Password": "你的测试API密码"
    }
}

client_detail = {
    "AccountNumber": "你的测试账号",
    "MeterNumber": "你的测试Meter号"
}

tracking_number = "557XXXXXX"  

request_dict = {
    "WebAuthenticationDetail": web_authentication_detail,
    "ClientDetail": client_detail,
    "TransactionDetail": {
        "CustomerTransactionId": "Test Transaction"
    },
    "Version": {
        "ServiceId": "trck",
        "Major": 20,
        "Intermediate": 0,
        "Minor": 0
    },
    "SelectionDetails": {
        "CarrierCode": None,  
        "PackageIdentifier": {
            "Type": "TRACKING_NUMBER_OR_DOORTAG",
            "Value": tracking_number
        }
    }
}
try:
    response = client.service.track(**request_dict)
    print(response)
except Fault as e:
    print("Error:", e)

额外排查建议 #

• 确认所有测试凭证（Key、Password、AccountNumber、MeterNumber）均为FedEx测试环境提供的有效值。
• 若仍有问题，可启用Zeep调试日志，对比SoapUI的请求内容排查差异：

  import logging
  logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mashail