Heroku部署Node.js应用遇tsc: not found错误，多种方案尝试无效

部署一个简单的Node.js(TypeScript)应用到Heroku时，触发tsc: not found错误，以下是已尝试但无效的方案：

已尝试的无效方案 #

• 为dyno安装TypeScript buildpack：

  heroku buildpacks: heroku/nodejs zidizei/typescript
  

• 在package.json中已将typescript加入devDependencies，且scripts的build命令包含tsc，配置片段如下：

  ...
  "main": "index.js",
  "dependencies": {
    "cors": "^2.8.5",
    "express": "^4.18.1",
    "rimraf": "^5.0.5",
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/express": "^4.17.14",
    "@types/node": "^18.11.0"
    "nodemon": "^2.0.19",
    "ts-node": "^10.9.1",
    "typescript": "^4.7.4"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node build/server.js",
    "postinstall": "tsc",
    "dev": "nodemon server.ts",
    "start:server": "ts-node server.ts",
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  }
  ...
  

• tsconfig.json配置与参考示例一致：

  {
     "ts-node": {
     "compilerOptions": {
       "module": "commonjs"
     }
   },
   "compilerOptions": {
     "module": "commonjs",
     "esModuleInterop": true,
     "target": "es6",
     "rootDir": "./",
     "outDir": "./build",
     "strict": true,
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
     "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
     "strictPropertyInitialization": false,
     "moduleResolution":"node",
     "skipLibCheck": true
   },
   "files": [ "./utils/index.d.ts" ]
  }
  

构建时的错误信息 #

-----> TypeScript app detected
-----> Creating build environment
-----> Installing development dependencies
       Installing development node modules (npm)
       npm WARN invalid config only="dev" set in command line options
       npm WARN invalid config Must be one of: null, prod, production
       
       > rmr@1.0.0 postinstall
       > npm run build
       
       
       > rmr@1.0.0 build
       > tsc
       
       sh: 1: tsc: not found
       npm notice
       npm notice New minor version of npm available! 10.1.0 -> 10.2.3
       npm notice Changelog: <https://github.com/npm/cli/releases/tag/v10.2.3>
       npm notice Run `npm install -g npm@10.2.3` to update!
       npm notice
       npm ERR! code 127
       npm ERR! path /tmp/build_5663ceba
       npm ERR! command failed
       npm ERR! command sh -c npm run build

寻求其他解决方案 #

已用尽现有思路，希望得到启发，请问还有哪些可尝试的方案？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者idk