Mac系统下运行YOLO相关Python脚本失败求助

问题详情 #

在Mac系统中运行main.py脚本（基于ultralytics YOLO8构建模型并训练）时，出现ImportError，提示加载cv2时找不到依赖库libtiff.5.dylib，重装Python后问题仍存在。

脚本代码 #

from ultralytics import YOLO
# Load Model
model = YOLO("yolo8n.yaml") # Build New Model

# Use model
results = model.train(data="config.yaml", epochs=2) # train the model 

错误信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 1, in <module>
    from ultralytics import YOLO
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from ultralytics.models import RTDETR, SAM, YOLO
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/models/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .rtdetr import RTDETR
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/models/rtdetr/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .model import RTDETR
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/models/rtdetr/model.py", line 10, in <module>
    from ultralytics.engine.model import Model
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/engine/model.py", line 8, in <module>
    from ultralytics.cfg import TASK2DATA, get_cfg, get_save_dir
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/cfg/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from ultralytics.utils import (ASSETS, DEFAULT_CFG, DEFAULT_CFG_DICT, DEFAULT_CFG_PATH, LOGGER, RANK, ROOT, RUNS_DIR,
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ultralytics/utils/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
    import cv2
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 181, in <module>
    bootstrap()
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 153, in bootstrap
    native_module = importlib.import_module("cv2")
  File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: dlopen(/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cv2/python-3.8/cv2.cpython-38-darwin.so, 0x0002): Library not loaded: @rpath/libtiff.5.dylib
  Referenced from: <80BA7539-042B-39DF-A17F-478DE81ACD44> /opt/miniconda3/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.4.6.0.dylib
  Reason: tried: '/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cv2/python-3.8/../../../../libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/private/var/folders/sy/f16zz6x50xz3113nwtb9bvq00000gp/T/abs_f6tvh9615u/croot/opencv-suite_1691620375715/work/build/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cv2/python-3.8/../../../../libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/bin/../lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/opt/miniconda3/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/miniconda3/bin/../lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/local/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libtiff.5.dylib' (no such file, not in dyld cache)

解决方案 #

1. 直接在conda环境中安装libtiff #

你的环境基于miniconda，直接用conda安装缺失的依赖库：

conda activate 你的环境名 # 若使用base环境可跳过此步
conda install -c conda-forge libtiff=5.x

指定版本为5.x，匹配错误中要求的libtiff.5.dylib。

2. 重装opencv（用conda安装而非pip） #

若安装libtiff后问题仍存在，建议用conda重装opencv，确保所有依赖版本匹配：

pip uninstall opencv-python opencv-python-headless
conda install -c conda-forge opencv

3. 创建全新conda环境（终极方案） #

如果以上方法均无效，创建新的conda环境重新安装所有依赖：

conda create -n yolo_env python=3.9
conda activate yolo_env
pip install ultralytics
# 训练时若需其他依赖，按需安装即可

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者InspiredGhost