如何用Python/Pandas将JSON转为指定行列格式？当前代码无输出

问题排查与修复 #

你的代码无输出的核心原因是变量引用错误，以及未做键存在性校验导致循环提前中断。具体问题：

1. 计算days_until_departure时错误使用未定义的departure变量，应改为schedule["departure"]
2. 直接通过键名取值（如leg["carrier"]["operating"]），若JSON中某字段缺失会触发KeyError导致循环终止
3. 未提取你要求的ID字段（原问题要求每个ID作为一行）

修复后的完整代码 #

import pandas as pd
from datetime import datetime

# 假设df_json已完成JSON加载
data = []
columns = [
    "ID", "Departure City", "Departure Date", "Departure Time",
    "Arrival Location", "Arrival Date", "Arrival Time",
    "Flight Duration", "Operating Carrier", "Aircraft Type",
    "Cabin Class", "Fare Class", "Price", "Days Until Departure"
]

# 先预取全局结构，避免重复嵌套取值
itinerary_groups = df_json.get("groupedItineraryResponse", {}).get("itineraryGroups", [])
schedule_descs = df_json.get("groupedItineraryResponse", {}).get("scheduleDescs", [])

for group in itinerary_groups:
    itineraries = group.get("itineraries", [])
    for itinerary in itineraries:
        # 提取ID字段，满足每行对应一个ID的要求
        itinerary_id = itinerary.get("id")
        if not itinerary_id:
            continue
            
        legs = itinerary.get("legs", [])
        if not legs:
            continue
        leg = legs[0]
        
        schedules = leg.get("schedules", [])
        if not schedules:
            continue
        schedule_ref = schedules[0].get("ref")
        # 校验索引合法性，避免越界报错
        if not schedule_ref or schedule_ref - 1 >= len(schedule_descs):
            continue
        schedule = schedule_descs[schedule_ref - 1]
        
        # 用.get()层级取值，避免字段缺失触发KeyError
        departure_info = schedule.get("departure", {})
        departure_city = departure_info.get("city")
        departure_time_str = departure_info.get("time")
        arrival_info = schedule.get("arrival", {})
        arrival_location = arrival_info.get("city")
        arrival_time_str = arrival_info.get("time")
        
        # 拆分日期与时间，兼容缺失场景
        departure_date = departure_time_str.split("T")[0] if departure_time_str else None
        departure_time = departure_time_str.split("T")[1] if departure_time_str else None
        arrival_date = arrival_time_str.split("T")[0] if arrival_time_str else None
        arrival_time = arrival_time_str.split("T")[1] if arrival_time_str else None
        
        flight_duration = leg.get("elapsedTime")
        carrier_info = leg.get("carrier", {})
        operating_carrier = carrier_info.get("operating")
        equipment_info = carrier_info.get("equipment", {})
        aircraft_type = equipment_info.get("code")
        
        passenger_info = itinerary.get("passengerInfoList", [{}])[0]
        fare_component = passenger_info.get("fareComponents", [{}])[0]
        cabin_class = fare_component.get("cabinCode")
        fare_class = fare_component.get("fareBasisCode")
        
        total_fare = itinerary.get("totalFare", {})
        price = total_fare.get("totalPrice")
        
        # 计算出发前天数，捕获日期格式异常
        days_until_departure = None
        if departure_date:
            try:
                current_date = datetime.now().date()
                departure_date_dt = datetime.strptime(departure_date, "%Y-%m-%d").date()
                days_until_departure = (departure_date_dt - current_date).days
            except ValueError:
                pass
        
        # 仅保留核心字段完整的数据行
        if departure_city and arrival_location and price:
            data.append([
                itinerary_id, departure_city, departure_date, departure_time,
                arrival_location, arrival_date, arrival_time,
                flight_duration, operating_carrier, aircraft_type,
                cabin_class, fare_class, price, days_until_departure
            ])

df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=columns)
# 查看输出结果
print(df.head())

关键改进说明 #

• 全程使用.get()方法取值，彻底避免字段缺失导致的程序崩溃
• 新增ID字段提取，完全匹配你“每个ID作为一行”的需求
• 增加日期格式异常捕获，防止无效日期字符串中断循环
• 加入核心字段存在性判断，过滤空数据行，保证结果有效性

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者c200402