App-Crawler与Firebase Robo Test无法点击RecyclerView问题排查

一、报错信息 #

1. Firebase Robo Test报错 #

action {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):   target_action {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):     action_parameters {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       directive {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       view_position {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):     }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):     target {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       description {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         android_class_name: "android.view.ViewGroup"
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         class_name: "androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView"
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         component_type: 1
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         identifiers {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           child_position: 1
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           mode_agnostic_sequence: "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.2"
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           mode_specific_sequence: "0.0.1.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1"
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         input_type: 1
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         resource_name: "house_intellect.nfc_reports:id/calendars_list"
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       state {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         is_enabled: true
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         is_focusable: true
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         is_shown: true
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         visible_bounds {
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           bottom: 2541
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           left: 42
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           right: 1038
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):           top: 779
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):         }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):       }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):     }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):     type: 1
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000):   }
11-25 19:42:06.495: I/Robo(6000): }
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000): Notifying controller of internal platform error.
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000): androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.common.InternalPlatformException: View position is set but the screen element is neither a RecyclerView or an AdapterView.
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.hybrid.HybridInteractionController.perform(HybridInteractionController.java:34)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.hybrid.HybridInteractionController.click(HybridInteractionController.java:10)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.ActionExecutor.execute(ActionExecutor.java:59)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.ActionExecutor.performAction(ActionExecutor.java:4)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.RemotePlatform.handlePerformAction(RemotePlatform.java:22)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.RemotePlatform.messageLoop(RemotePlatform.java:59)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.RemotePlatform.lambda$startCrawlAndWaitUntilFinished$0$androidx-test-tools-crawler-platform-RemotePlatform(RemotePlatform.java:1)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at androidx.test.tools.crawler.platform.RemotePlatform$$ExternalSyntheticLambda1.run(Unknown Source:6)
11-25 19:42:06.496: W/Robo(6000):   at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:920)

2. App-Crawler报错 #

FAILED: Found 1 crash.
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Landroid/support/v7/widget/RecyclerView;
FATAL EXCEPTION: ControllerMessenger
Process: house_intellect.nfc_reports, PID: 13281
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Landroid/support/v7/widget/RecyclerView;
        at androidx.test.espresso.contrib.RecyclerViewActions$ActionOnItemAtPositionViewAction.getConstraints(RecyclerViewActions.java:5)
        at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction$SingleExecutionViewAction.getConstraints(ViewInteraction.java:6)
        at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.a(ViewInteraction.java:57)
        at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.a(ViewInteraction.java:96)
        at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction$1.call(ViewInteraction.java:3)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
        at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6077)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:866)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:756)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/system/framework/android.test.runner.jar", zip file "/data/app/androidx.test.tools.crawler-1/base.apk", zip file "/data/app/house_intellect.nfc_reports-2/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/androidx.test.tools.crawler-1/lib/x86, /data/app/house_intellect.nfc_reports-2/lib/x86, /system/lib, /vendor/lib]]
        at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:56)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:380)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)

二、相关代码 #

1. RecyclerView布局代码 #

<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
                android:id="@+id/calendars_list"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_margin="@dimen/margin_medium"
                android:fadeScrollbars="false"
                android:scrollbars="vertical"
                app:adapter="@{viewModel.availableCalendarsAdapter}"
                app:layoutManager="androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager"
                app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/new_calendar"
                app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
                tools:listitem="@layout/calendar_layout" />

2. Robo脚本（roboscript.json） #

原脚本内容：

"actions": [
      {
        "eventType": "DELAYED_MESSAGE_POSTED",
        "timestamp": 1700968034609,
        "actionCode": -1,
        "delayTime": 7000,
        "canScrollTo": false,
        "elementDescriptors": []
      },
      {
        "eventType": "VIEW_CLICKED",
        "timestamp": 1700968042058,
        "replacementText": "",
        "actionCode": -1,
        "delayTime": 0,
        "canScrollTo": false,
        "elementDescriptors": [
          {
            "resourceId": "house_intellect.nfc_reports:id/selectedCalendar",
            "recyclerViewChildPosition": 0,
          },
          {
            "resourceId": "my.package:id/calendars_list",
          },
          {
            "resourceId": "my.package:id/bottom_sheet",
          }
        ]
      }
  ]

3. 依赖配置 #

implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0'
    implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.3.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.6.0-alpha01'

三、已尝试的解决方法 #

• 将Robo脚本转为Espresso测试可正常运行
• 尝试多种元素定位方式
• 用RelativeLayout包裹RecyclerView
• 上述方法均无效，所有项目的RecyclerView都存在该问题

四、问题分析与解决方案 #

问题根源 #

1. App-Crawler报错原因：espresso-contrib依赖内部仍引用旧版support库的RecyclerView类，而项目已完全迁移到AndroidX，导致类加载失败。
2. Firebase Robo Test报错原因：
   • Robo脚本中recyclerViewChildPosition参数放置位置错误，该参数应属于RecyclerView元素，而非子元素；
   • 脚本中RecyclerView的包名与实际布局不一致；
   • 旧版本的Robo测试库可能对AndroidX RecyclerView的类型判断存在兼容问题，误将其识别为非RecyclerView类型。

解决方案 #

1. 修复App-Crawler的类加载问题

修改espresso-contrib依赖，排除旧版support库的引用，确保使用AndroidX版本：

androidTestImplementation('androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.6.0-alpha01') {
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'recyclerview-v7'
}

同时确认gradle.properties中已开启AndroidX迁移：

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

2. 修正Robo脚本的元素定位

调整elementDescriptors的顺序和参数位置，修正包名错误：

"actions": [
      {
        "eventType": "DELAYED_MESSAGE_POSTED",
        "timestamp": 1700968034609,
        "actionCode": -1,
        "delayTime": 7000,
        "canScrollTo": false,
        "elementDescriptors": []
      },
      {
        "eventType": "VIEW_CLICKED",
        "timestamp": 1700968042058,
        "replacementText": "",
        "actionCode": -1,
        "delayTime": 0,
        "canScrollTo": false,
        "elementDescriptors": [
          {
            "resourceId": "house_intellect.nfc_reports:id/calendars_list",
            "recyclerViewChildPosition": 0
          },
          {
            "resourceId": "house_intellect.nfc_reports:id/selectedCalendar"
          },
          {
            "resourceId": "house_intellect.nfc_reports:id/bottom_sheet"
          }
        ]
      }
  ]

3. 升级Firebase测试相关依赖

确保项目中Firebase Test Lab的相关依赖为最新版本，避免因库版本过旧导致的AndroidX兼容问题。

4. 优化测试设备配置

在Firebase控制台发起测试时，选择较新版本的Android系统设备，提升对AndroidX组件的兼容性。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Grape On Wheels