Vite搭建React项目后执行npm run dev报错求助

已通过Vite创建React项目并完成npm i依赖安装，但执行npm run dev时触发报错，提示无法找到模块@rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc，错误信息提到npm可选依赖相关Bug，尝试删除package-lock.json和node_modules后重新执行npm i多次，问题仍未解决，当前使用Node.js v20.9.0版本，具体报错信息如下：

> nasheednaldo@0.0.0 dev
> vite

E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\rollup\dist\native.js:64
                throw new Error(
                      ^

Error: Cannot find module @rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc. npm has a bug related to optional dependencies (https://github.com/npm/cli/issues/4828). Please try `npm i` again after removing both package-lock.json and node_modules directory.
    at requireWithFriendlyError (E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\rollup\dist\native.js:64:9)
    at Object.<anonymous> (E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\rollup\dist\native.js:73:48)
    ... 2 lines matching cause stack trace ...
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1091:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:938:12)
    at cjsLoader (node:internal/modules/esm/translators:284:17)
    at ModuleWrap.<anonymous> (node:internal/modules/esm/translators:234:7)
    at ModuleJob.run (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:217:25)
    at async ModuleLoader.import (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:316:24) {
  [cause]: Error: The specified module could not be found.
  \\?\E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\@rollup\rollup-win32-ia32-msvc\rollup.win32-ia32-msvc.node
      at Module._extensions..node (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1327:18)
      at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1091:32)
      at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:938:12)
      at Module.require (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1115:19)
      at require (node:internal/modules/helpers:130:18)
      at requireWithFriendlyError (E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\rollup\dist\native.js:62:10)
      at Object.<anonymous> (E:\nasheednaldo\node_modules\rollup\dist\native.js:73:48)
      at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1241:14)
      at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1295:10)
      at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1091:32) {
    code: 'ERR_DLOPEN_FAILED'
  }
}

可行解决方案 #

• 锁定Rollup稳定版本安装
  Node.js v20与部分Rollup版本存在兼容性问题，可指定稳定版本重新安装：

  npm uninstall rollup
  npm install rollup@3.29.4 --save-dev
  

• 强制重新安装依赖
  清除现有依赖后，用--force参数强制修复依赖缓存或损坏问题：

  # Windows系统执行
  rd /s /q node_modules && del package-lock.json
  npm i --force
  
  # macOS/Linux系统执行
  rm -rf node_modules package-lock.json
  npm i --force
  

• 切换Node.js版本
  尝试降级到Node.js v18.x LTS版本，版本兼容性更稳定：

  # 使用nvm切换版本（需先安装nvm）
  nvm install 18.18.2
  nvm use 18.18.2
  # 重新安装依赖
  rm -rf node_modules package-lock.json
  npm i
  

• 禁用Rollup原生模块
  在项目根目录创建.npmrc文件，添加以下配置强制Rollup使用JS版本：

  rollup_use_native=false
  

  之后重新执行npm i即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Farida Akhter Banu Balaka