Debezium 2.4集成Avro序列化遇Ticker类缺失错误求助

我在使用Debezium 2.4与Confluent Schema Registry实现Avro序列化时遇到异常。按照Debezium官方文档（2.0及以上版本需挂载Jar包）要求，已下载并挂载7个版本为7.5.2的Confluent Jar包到connect容器的/kafka/connect/avro_jar_files目录，涉及kafka-connect-avro-converter等组件。但注册MySQL连接器时，出现java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Ticker错误，堆栈信息显示该类无法找到。推测kafka-schema-registry-client-7.5.2.jar中缺少该类，且未找到Debezium 2.4对应的兼容Jar包版本说明。

环境配置（docker-compose.yaml） #

version: '3'

services:
  zookeeper:
    image: quay.io/debezium/zookeeper:2.4
    container_name: zookeeper
    ports:
      - 2181:2181
      - 2888:2888
      - 3888:3888

  kafka:
    image: quay.io/debezium/kafka:2.4
    container_name: kafka
    ports:
      - 9092:9092
    environment:
      ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181
    depends_on:
      - zookeeper

  mysql:
    image: quay.io/debezium/example-mysql:2.4
    container_name: mysql
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: debezium
      MYSQL_USER: mysqluser
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: mysqlpw

  mysql_cli:
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: mysql_cli
    environment:
      MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: true
    depends_on:
      - mysql

  connect:
    image: quay.io/debezium/connect:2.4
    container_name: connect
    ports:
      - 8083:8083
    environment:
      GROUP_ID: 1
      # Kafka config
      CONFIG_STORAGE_TOPIC: my_connect_configs
      OFFSET_STORAGE_TOPIC: my_connect_offsets
      STATUS_STORAGE_TOPIC: my_connect_statuses
      BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS: kafka:9092
      # Avro config
      KEY_CONVERTER: io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter
      VALUE_CONVERTER: io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter
      CONNECT_KEY_CONVERTER_SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL: http://schema_registry:8081
      CONNECT_VALUE_CONVERTER_SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL: http://schema_registry:8081
      KAFKA_CONNECT_PLUGINS_DIR: /kafka/connect
    volumes:
      - ./jar_files:/kafka/connect/avro_jar_files
    depends_on:
      - kafka
      - schema_registry
      - mysql
  
  schema_registry:
    image: confluentinc/cp-schema-registry:7.1.10 
    container_name: schema_registry
    ports:
      - 8081:8081
    environment:
      SCHEMA_REGISTRY_KAFKASTORE_CONNECTION_URL: zookeeper:2181
      SCHEMA_REGISTRY_KAFKASTORE_BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS: PLAINTEXT://kafka:9092
      SCHEMA_REGISTRY_HOST_NAME: schema_registry
      SCHEMA_REGISTRY_LISTENERS: http://0.0.0.0:8081
    depends_on:
      - zookeeper

  kafdrop:
    image: obsidiandynamics/kafdrop:4.0.1
    container_name: kafdrop
    ports:
      - 9000:9000
    environment:
      KAFKA_BROKERCONNECT: kafka:9092
        #      - JVM_OPTS="-Xms32M -Xmx64M"
        #   - SERVER_SERVLET_CONTEXTPATH="/"
    depends_on:
      - kafka

连接器注册请求（cURL） #

curl -i -X POST -H "Accept:application/json" -H "Content-Type:application/json" localhost:8083/connectors/ -d '{
  "name":"inventory-connector",
  "config":{
    "connector.class":"io.debezium.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector",
    "tasks.max":"1",
    "database.hostname":"mysql",
    "database.port":"3306",
    "database.user":"debezium",
    "database.password":"dbz",
    "database.server.id":"184054",
    "topic.prefix":"dbserver1",
    "database.include.list":"inventory",
    "schema.history.internal.kafka.bootstrap.servers":"kafka:9092",
    "schema.history.internal.kafka.topic":"schemahistory.inventory",
    "key.converter":"io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter",
    "value.converter":"io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter",
    "key.converter.schema.registry.url":"http://schema_registry:8081",
    "value.converter.schema.registry.url":"http://schema_registry:8081"
  }
}'

问题分析与解决方案 #

核心原因 #

com.google.common.base.Ticker属于Guava库，Confluent 7.5.2版本组件依赖的Guava版本与Debezium Connect容器内置版本存在冲突，或是挂载的Jar包中缺失了包含该类的Guava依赖。另外，Schema Registry版本（7.1.10）与挂载的Confluent组件版本（7.5.2）不匹配，也会引发依赖兼容问题。

解决方案 #

1. 统一Confluent组件版本
   将Schema Registry的镜像版本改为7.5.2，与挂载的Confluent Jar包版本保持一致，避免跨版本依赖冲突。修改docker-compose中schema_registry的image为：confluentinc/cp-schema-registry:7.5.2

2. 补充缺失的Guava依赖
   下载与Confluent 7.5.2兼容的Guava Jar包（如guava-30.1.1-jre.jar），放到./jar_files目录下，一起挂载到connect容器中。

3. 使用预集成Avro组件的Debezium镜像
   直接使用quay.io/debezium/connect-base:2.4镜像，该镜像已预安装Confluent的Avro相关转换器组件，无需手动挂载Jar包，减少依赖管理成本。

4. 验证插件目录加载逻辑
   确保KAFKA_CONNECT_PLUGINS_DIR配置的/kafka/connect目录下，avro_jar_files子目录能被Connect正确扫描加载，所有依赖Jar包都需放置在该子目录内。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mostafa Ghadimi