MacOS Sonoma下VSCode运行pyttsx3出现Runtime Error的解决方法

问题描述 #

• 设备：M1 MacBook
• 系统：MacOS Sonoma 14.0
• VSCode版本：1.84.2
• Python版本：3.12
• 依赖版本：pyttsx3 2.90、pyobjc 10.0
• 问题：运行语音自动化代码时触发NameError: name 'objc' is not defined错误

代码示例 #

import webbrowser
import speech_recognition as sr
import pyttsx3

# 监听语音输入
def listen(language="en-IN"):
    recognizer = sr.Recognizer()
    with sr.Microphone() as source:
        print("Listening...")
        recognizer.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source)
        audio = recognizer.listen(source)

    try:
        print("Recognizing...")
        # 根据选择的语言识别语音
        if language == "en-IN":
            query = recognizer.recognize_google(audio, language="en-IN")
        else:
            query = recognizer.recognize_google(audio, language="hi-IN")
        
        print(f"You said: {query}")
        return query.lower()
    except sr.UnknownValueError:
        print("Sorry, I didn't catch that. Can you repeat?")
        return ""
    except sr.RequestError:
        print("Sorry, there was an error processing the request.")
        return ""

# 文本转语音
def speak(text):
    engine = pyttsx3.init()
    engine.say(text)
    engine.runAndWait()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 初始化助手并提示指令
    speak("Hello! I'm friday.How can I help you?")
    language = "en-IN"  # 默认使用英语

    # 持续监听指令并响应
    while True:
        command = listen(language)

        if "switch language" in command:
            # 切换英语/印地语
            if language == "en-IN":
                language = "hi-IN"
                speak("Switching to Hindi.")
            else:
                language = "en-IN"
                speak("Switching to English.")

        elif "open youtube" in command:
            # 打开YouTube
            speak("Opening YouTube...")
            webbrowser.open("https://www.youtube.com")
            
        elif "bye" in command:
            # 退出程序
            speak("Goodbye!")
            break
        
        else:
            # 未识别指令时提示重复
            speak("I didn't understand that command. Can you please repeat?")

报错信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/__init__.py", line 20, in init
    eng = _activeEngines[driverName]
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/weakref.py", line 136, in __getitem__
    o = self.data[key]()
        ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
KeyError: None

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Desktop/friday_trial /friday_code.py", line 38, in <module>
    speak("Hello! I'm your voice assistant. How can I help you?")
  File "/Users/Desktop/friday_trial /friday_code.py", line 32, in speak
    engine = pyttsx3.init()
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/__init__.py", line 22, in init
    eng = Engine(driverName, debug)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/engine.py", line 30, in __init__
    self.proxy = driver.DriverProxy(weakref.proxy(self), driverName, debug)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/driver.py", line 50, in __init__
    self._module = importlib.import_module(name)
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/importlib/__init__.py", line 90, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1381, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1354, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1325, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 929, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 994, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/drivers/nsss.py", line 12, in <module>
    class NSSpeechDriver(NSObject):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyttsx3/drivers/nsss.py", line 13, in NSSpeechDriver
    @objc.python_method
     ^^^^
NameError: name 'objc' is not defined. Did you mean: 'object'?

原因分析 #

这不是代码或系统问题，是依赖版本兼容性问题：
pyttsx3 2.90版本的MacOS驱动（nsss.py）未适配pyobjc 10.0与Python 3.12，代码中直接使用objc模块但未正确导入，导致报错。

修复方案 #

方案1：降级pyobjc到兼容版本 #

卸载当前pyobjc，安装与pyttsx3 2.90、Python3.12兼容的版本：

pip uninstall pyobjc -y && pip install pyobjc==9.0.1

方案2：替换为兼容的TTS库 #

使用pyttsx4（pyttsx3的维护分支，支持更新的Python版本）：

1. 安装pyttsx4：

pip install pyttsx4

2. 修改代码中的导入语句：

# 替换原有的 import pyttsx3
import pyttsx4 as pyttsx3

其余代码无需改动，直接运行即可。

方案3：手动修复pyttsx3驱动文件（不推荐） #

找到pyttsx3安装目录下的nsss.py文件（路径参考报错信息中的位置），在文件开头添加：

import objc

该方法会在依赖更新后失效，不建议长期使用。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者MoonWolf