如何在Azure DevOps中通过FTP Upload任务仅上传Git提交的变更文件？

The FtpUpload@2 task doesn’t have built-in logic to filter files by Git changes, but we can work around this by first capturing modified files, copying them to a dedicated temp directory, then uploading only that directory. Here’s the adjusted pipeline and breakdown:

Updated Pipeline YAML #

trigger:
  - main
pool:
  vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'
variables:
  - name: StagingRepo
    value: $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)
  - name: TempDir
    value: $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/temp-changes

steps:
  # Step 1: Capture list of changed files from Git
  - script: |
      # Get files changed between current commit and previous one
      git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD > changed-files.txt
      
      # Fallback: If this is the first commit (no HEAD^), get all files
      if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
        git ls-files > changed-files.txt
      fi
    displayName: 'Fetch Git Changed Files'

  # Step 2: Create temp directory and copy only changed files (preserving directory structure)
  - script: |
      # Clean up temp directory from previous runs (if any)
      rm -rf $(TempDir)
      mkdir -p $(TempDir)
      
      # Copy each changed file to temp dir, maintaining relative paths
      while IFS= read -r file; do
        if [ -f "$file" ]; then
          # Create matching subdirectory in temp dir
          mkdir -p "$(TempDir)/$(dirname "$file")"
          # Copy the file
          cp "$file" "$(TempDir)/$(dirname "$file")"
        fi
      done < changed-files.txt
    displayName: 'Stage Changed Files to Temp Directory'

  # Step 3: Upload only the staged temp directory to FTP
  - task: FtpUpload@2
    displayName: 'FTP Upload Changed Files'
    inputs:
      credentialsOption: inputs
      serverUrl: 'ftps://00.00.00.00:22'
      username: ftp-username
      password: ftp-password
      rootDirectory: '$(TempDir)'
      remoteDirectory: '/home/public_html'
      clean: false
      cleanContents: false
      preservePaths: true  # Critical: Keeps relative file structure intact
      trustSSL: true

Key Details Explained #

1. Capturing Changed Files:

   • git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD grabs all files modified between the current commit and the one before it.
   • The fallback git ls-files handles the first commit scenario where there’s no prior commit to compare against.

2. Staging Files to Temp Directory:

   • We first clean up any existing temp directory to avoid leftover files from previous runs.
   • For each changed file, we create the matching subdirectory in the temp folder (using mkdir -p) to preserve the original file structure, then copy the file over.

3. FTP Upload Adjustments:

   • Set rootDirectory to the temp folder so only changed files are scanned.
   • Enable preservePaths: true to ensure files are uploaded to the correct subdirectories on the FTP server (instead of dumping everything into /home/public_html root).

Optional: Handle Deleted Files #

If you need to sync file deletions to the FTP server, add this additional step after capturing changed files:

# Step 1b: Delete corresponding files from FTP
- script: |
    # Get list of deleted files
    git diff --name-only --diff-filter=D HEAD^ HEAD > deleted-files.txt
    
    # Use lftp to delete files from FTP (install lftp first if needed)
    if [ -s deleted-files.txt ]; then
      sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y lftp
      while IFS= read -r file; do
        lftp -u ftp-username,ftp-password ftps://00.00.00.00:22 -e "rm /home/public_html/$file; quit"
      done < deleted-files.txt
    fi
  displayName: 'Delete Files from FTP'

Notes for Different Trigger Scenarios #

• If your pipeline triggers on pull requests, adjust the git diff command to compare against the target branch (e.g., git diff --name-only origin/main HEAD).
• For multi-commit builds, modify the diff range to include all commits in the build (e.g., git diff --name-only $(Build.SourceVersionPrevious) $(Build.SourceVersion)).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Slimshadddyyy