Azure DevOps流水线中TransformXml任务加载失败问题求助

问题概述 #

在VS 2019控制台应用中添加TransformXml任务后，本地构建正常，但Azure DevOps流水线构建时抛出TransformXml task could not be loaded错误。

错误详情 #

C:__w\1\s\Sith\SithWatchDog\SithWatchDog.csproj(138,4): error MSB4062: The "TransformXml" task could not be loaded from the assembly C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.403\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v17.0\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll. Could not load file or assembly 'C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.403\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v17.0\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll'. The system cannot find the path specified. Confirm that the declaration is correct, that the assembly and all its dependencies are available, and that the task contains a public class that implements Microsoft.Build.Framework.ITask.

本地配置的任务代码 #

添加到csproj文件中的初始TransformXml任务代码如下：

<UsingTask TaskName="TransformXml" AssemblyFile="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll" />
<Target Name="ApplyConfigurationConfigFile" AfterTargets="PrepareForBuild" Condition="Exists('App.$(Configuration).config')">
  <ItemGroup>
    <AppConfigWithTargetPath Remove="App.config" />
    <AppConfigWithTargetPath Include="$(IntermediateOutputPath)$(TargetFileName).config">
      <TargetPath>$(TargetFileName).config</TargetPath>
    </AppConfigWithTargetPath>
  </ItemGroup>
  <TransformXml Source="App.config" Destination="$(IntermediateOutputPath)$(TargetFileName).config" Transform="App.$(Configuration).config" />
</Target>

本地机器中Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll的实际路径为：
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v16.0\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll

不清楚流水线代理中该文件的安装路径，希望解决两个问题：

• 如何查找流水线中该文件的路径
• 是否有其他方法在流水线中应用TransformXml

尝试的更新方案（2024年2月2日） #

参考建议后，更新了csproj文件，尝试适配VS2019和VS2022的不同MSBuild路径，修改后的代码如下：

...
<PropertyGroup Condition="!Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll')">
    <MSBuildExtensionsPath32>C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\MSBuild</MSBuildExtensionsPath32>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition="!Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll')">
    <MSBuildExtensionsPath32>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\MSBuild</MSBuildExtensionsPath32>
</PropertyGroup>
<UsingTask TaskName="TransformXml" AssemblyFile="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)\Web\Microsoft.Web.Publishing.Tasks.dll" />
<Target Name="ApplyConfigurationConfigFile" AfterTargets="PrepareForBuild" Condition="Exists('App.$(Configuration).config')">
  <ItemGroup>
    <AppConfigWithTargetPath Remove="App.config" />
    <AppConfigWithTargetPath Include="$(IntermediateOutputPath)$(TargetFileName).config">
      <TargetPath>$(TargetFileName).config</TargetPath>
    </AppConfigWithTargetPath>
  </ItemGroup>
  <TransformXml Source="App.config" Destination="$(IntermediateOutputPath)$(TargetFileName).config" Transform="App.$(Configuration).config" />
</Target>
</Project>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者samsu