Spring Boot引入JPA依赖仍提示找不到EnableJpaRepositories符号

问题概述 #

Spring Boot项目已引入org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa依赖，但执行.\gradlew clean build命令构建失败，提示找不到@EnableJpaRepositories符号。

错误信息 #

C:\Users\biz\IdeaProjects\genecab-bank\src\main\java\com\genecab\bank\BankApplication.java:8: error: cannot find symbol
@EnableJpaRepositories
 ^
  symbol: class EnableJpaRepositories
1 error

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

BankApplication.java代码 #

package com.genecab.bank;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJpaRepositories
public class BankApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BankApplication.class, args);
    }

}

build.gradle配置 #

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '3.0.5'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.1.0'
}

group = 'com.genecab'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '17'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa'
    implementation 'org.springframework.data:spring-data-jdbc'
    implementation 'com.h2database:h2'
    implementation 'org.flywaydb:flyway-core'
    testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
}

tasks.named('test') {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}

执行命令 #

.\gradlew clean build

预期结果 #

C:\Users\biz\IdeaProjects\genecab-bank>.\gradlew clean build

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 18s
9 actionable tasks: 9 executed

解决方案 #

方案1：添加缺失的导入语句 #

代码中使用了@EnableJpaRepositories注解，但未导入对应的类。在BankApplication.java中添加以下导入：

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

修改后的完整代码：

package com.genecab.bank;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJpaRepositories
public class BankApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BankApplication.class, args);
    }

}

方案2：移除@EnableJpaRepositories注解 #

Spring Boot的@SpringBootApplication注解默认会自动扫描主类所在包（com.genecab.bank）及其子包下的JPA Repository接口。如果你的Repository类都在该范围内，完全可以去掉@EnableJpaRepositories注解，依赖Spring Boot的自动配置即可完成Repository的注册。

修改后的代码：

package com.genecab.bank;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class BankApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BankApplication.class, args);
    }

}

执行.\gradlew clean build即可构建成功。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者M. Franklin