Android平台使用SFML触发SIGSEGV崩溃的解决方法

我开发了一款基于SFML的游戏，PC端运行正常，现在计划移植到Android平台。编译构建都成功了，但把生成的APK安装到运行LineageOS 14.1的三星S5 Exynos设备上测试时，出现了如下报错：

12-02 13:20:51.953 24780 24780 E libEGL  : validate_display:101 error 3001 (EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED)
12-02 13:20:51.954 24780 24780 E libEGL  : validate_display:99 error 3008 (EGL_BAD_DISPLAY)
12-02 13:20:51.954 24780 24780 F libc    : Fatal signal 11 (SIGSEGV), code 1, fault addr 0x24 in tid 24780 (ames.cyberchess)
12-02 13:20:51.955  3600  3600 W         : debuggerd: handling request: pid=24780 uid=10081 gid=10081 tid=24780
12-02 13:20:52.034 23099 24195 I Icing   : Usage reports ok 1, Failed Usage reports 0, indexed 0, rejected 0
12-02 13:20:52.057 23099 23127 I Icing   : IndexChimeraService.getServiceInterface callingPackage=com.google.android.gms componentName=null serviceId=30
12-02 13:20:52.074 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
12-02 13:20:52.074 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : LineageOS Version: '14.1-20181109-NIGHTLY-k3gxx'
12-02 13:20:52.074 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : Build fingerprint: 'samsung/k3gxx/k3g:6.0.1/MMB29K/G900HXXU1CPF2:user/release-keys'
12-02 13:20:52.074 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : Revision: '0'
12-02 13:20:52.074 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : ABI: 'arm'
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : pid: 24780, tid: 24780, name: ames.cyberchess  >>> com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess <<<
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : signal 11 (SIGSEGV), code 1 (SEGV_MAPERR), fault addr 0x24
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     r0 00000024  r1 00000024  r2 00000000  r3 7ffffff8
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     r4 bed4c3d8  r5 00000000  r6 00000000  r7 bed4c3d0
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     r8 00000000  r9 b4284f38  sl b2d17950  fp bed4c6d8
12-02 13:20:52.075 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     ip b2cf9888  sp bed4c3c8  lr b2c7f153  pc b2c7f1ae  cpsr 60070030
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : 
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   : backtrace:
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #00 pc 000451ae  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-system.so (_ZN2sf5MutexD2Ev+21)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #01 pc 0004514f  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-system.so (_ZN2sf4LockC2ERNS_5MutexE+10)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #02 pc 0000c5f5  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-window.so (_ZN2sf4priv10EglContextC1EPS1_+84)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #03 pc 00006eff  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-window.so (_ZN2sf4priv9GlContext12initResourceEv+94)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #04 pc 00008d17  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-window.so (_ZN2sf10GlResourceC1Ev+6)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #05 pc 00049a99  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libsfml-graphics.so (_ZN2sf7TextureC2Ev+24)
12-02 13:20:52.094 24805 24805 F DEBUG   :     #06 pc 0000791c  /data/app/com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess-1/lib/arm/libcyberchess.so (offset 0xa000)
12-02 13:20:52.182 23099 24195 I Icing   : Usage reports ok 0, Failed Usage reports 0, indexed 0, rejected 0
12-02 13:20:52.223 23099 24195 I Icing   : Indexing com.google.android.gms-apps from com.google.android.gms
12-02 13:20:52.285 23099 24195 I Icing   : Indexing done com.google.android.gms-apps
12-02 13:20:52.289 23099 24195 I Icing   : Indexing com.google.android.gms-apps from com.google.android.gms
12-02 13:20:52.293 23099 24195 I Icing   : Indexing done com.google.android.gms-apps
12-02 13:20:52.738 24780 24780 W ames.cyberchess: type=1701 audit(0.0:1358): auid=4294967295 uid=10081 gid=10081 ses=4294967295 subj=u:r:untrusted_app:s0:c512,c768 reason="memory violation" sig=11
12-02 13:20:52.747  3600  3600 W         : debuggerd: resuming target 24780
12-02 13:20:52.749  4145 24815 W ActivityManager:   Force finishing activity com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess/.MainActivity

我写了简化的测试代码，还是出现同样错误：

main.cpp

#include "main_point.h"

void ShowWindow() {  
     sf::VideoMode screen(sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode());    

      sf::RenderWindow window(screen, "");

      window.setFramerateLimit(30);

}

main_point.h

// SFML Library include
#include <SFML/Window.hpp>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <SFML/Audio.hpp>
#include <SFML/Network.hpp>

void ShowWindow();

jni.cpp

#include <jni.h>
#include "main_point.h"

extern "C" {
    void
    Java_com_cyberdaystudio_games_cyberchess_MainActivity_showWindow(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz) {
        ShowWindow();
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<manifest xmlns:a='http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android'
    package='com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess'
    a:versionCode='0'
    a:versionName='0'>
    <uses-sdk
        a:minSdkVersion="21"
        a:targetSdkVersion="34"/>
    <application
        a:label="CyberChess">
        <activity
            a:name='com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess.MainActivity'
            a:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <category a:name='android.intent.category.LAUNCHER'/>
                <action a:name='android.intent.action.MAIN'/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess;

import android.app.Activity;
import java.lang.System;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    // do nothing, successfully

    String[] libs = {
        "c++_shared",
        "sfml-activity",
        "sfml-audio",
        "sfml-graphics",
        "sfml-network",
        "sfml-system",
        "sfml-window",
        "openal",
        "cyberchess"
    };
    private static native void showWindow();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        for (String lib : libs) {
            System.loadLibrary(lib);
        }
        showWindow();
    }
}

我的主机环境：

# ANDROID
BUILD_TOOLS=/mnt/Linux/build-tools/34.0.0
ANDROID_PLATFORM=/mnt/Linux/platforms/android-34
ANDROID_NDK=/mnt/Linux/ndk/26.1.10909125

主机系统：

Linux duythanh-VivoBook-ASUSLaptop-X409FA-X409FA 6.2.0-37-generic #38~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Nov  2 18:01:13 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

从回溯信息看，崩溃发生在SFML销毁sf::Mutex对象时，我试过克隆SFML官方仓库切换到2.6.x分支重新构建，问题依旧。怎么让SFML在Android平台正常工作？

1. 修正SFML Android初始化流程 #

Android平台下SFML不能直接像PC那样创建RenderWindow，必须依赖SFMLActivity提供的上下文，否则EGL无法正确初始化。修改MainActivity继承SFMLActivity而非普通Activity：

package com.cyberdaystudio.games.cyberchess;

import org.sfml.graphics.RenderWindow;
import org.sfml.system.Vector2i;
import org.sfml.window.VideoMode;
import org.sfml.window.WindowStyle;
import android.os.Bundle;
import com.sfml.android.SFMLActivity;

public class MainActivity extends SFMLActivity {
    private RenderWindow mWindow;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreateView() {
        // 使用SFMLActivity提供的窗口上下文创建RenderWindow
        VideoMode mode = new VideoMode(getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(),
                                      getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight());
        mWindow = new RenderWindow(mode, "CyberChess", WindowStyle.DEFAULT, getContext());
        mWindow.setFramerateLimit(30);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onRender() {
        if (mWindow != null) {
            mWindow.clear();
            // 这里添加你的渲染逻辑
            mWindow.display();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroyView() {
        if (mWindow != null) {
            mWindow.close();
            mWindow = null;
        }
    }
}

2. 调整SFML库加载顺序 #

SFML的依赖库有严格加载顺序，当前的加载顺序错误，导致初始化时依赖缺失。修正libs数组顺序为：

String[] libs = {
    "c++_shared",
    "openal",
    "sfml-system",
    "sfml-window",
    "sfml-graphics",
    "sfml-audio",
    "sfml-network",
    "sfml-activity",
    "cyberchess"
};

3. 适配Android API级别与NDK版本 #

你的设备运行Android 6.0（API 23），但编译用的是API 34和NDK 26，高版本NDK对旧Android版本兼容性差，建议：

• 将ANDROID_PLATFORM改为android-23
• 使用NDK 21（LTS版本），对旧设备兼容性更好

4. 检查SFML构建配置 #

构建SFML for Android时，确保开启以下选项：

• SFML_BUILD_ANDROID_ACTIVITY=ON
• SFML_USE_ANDROID_WINDOW=ON
• 针对armeabi-v7a架构构建（你的设备ABI是arm，对应armeabi-v7a）

5. 避免在JNI直接初始化SFML资源 #

不要在onCreate中直接调用JNI创建窗口，而是通过SFMLActivity的生命周期回调（onCreateView、onRender）来管理窗口和资源，确保EGL上下文正确绑定。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者duckk404