Flutter安卓模拟器运行报错：pub-cache中android目录不存在

在M2 Mac Mini上使用Android Studio Hedgehog运行Flutter应用时，Android模拟器报错，但iOS模拟器运行正常。报错信息如下：

Basedir /Users/cohen/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/firebase_analytics_web-0.5.1+9/android does not exist

该问题并非仅出现在firebase_analytics_web，所有依赖都存在此问题。全新Flutter项目可正常构建运行，修改报错项目的Android配置后问题仍未解决。

已尝试的解决方法 #

• 清除缓存并重启IDE
• 执行flutter pub cache repair命令
• 重新下载并安装Flutter SDK
• 确保Flutter、Dart为最新稳定版本
• 升级Android Studio至最新版（Hedgehog）

Flutter Doctor检测结果 #

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.16.3, on macOS 14.1.2 23B92 darwin-arm64, locale en-US)
    • Flutter version 3.16.3 on channel stable at /Users/cohen/Documents/sdks/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision b0366e0a3f (3 days ago), 2023-12-05 19:46:39 -0800
    • Engine revision 54a7145303
    • Dart version 3.2.3
    • DevTools version 2.28.4

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
    • Android SDK at /Users/cohen/Library/Android/sdk
    • Platform android-34, build-tools 34.0.0
    • Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.7+0-17.0.7b1000.6-10550314)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 15.0.1)
    • Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
    • Build 15A507
    • CocoaPods version 1.14.3

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome

[✓] Android Studio (version 2023.1)
    • Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.7+0-17.0.7b1000.6-10550314)

[✓] VS Code (version 1.85.0)
    • VS Code at /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents
    • Flutter extension can be installed from:
      🔨 https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Dart-Code.flutter

[✓] Connected device (4 available)
    • sdk gphone64 arm64 (mobile) • emulator-5554                        • android-arm64  • Android 14 (API 34) (emulator)
    • iPhone 15 Pro Max (mobile)  • CB3879FF-6A71-4A26-A31B-42FE8B1E5921 • ios            • com.apple.CoreSimulator.SimRuntime.iOS-17-0 (simulator)
    • macOS (desktop)             • macos                                • darwin-arm64   • macOS 14.1.2 23B92 darwin-arm64
    • Chrome (web)                • chrome                               • web-javascript • Google Chrome 120.0.6099.71

[✓] Network resources
    • All expected network resources are available.

• No issues found!

可行解决方案 #

1. 修正pubspec.yaml依赖声明
   web专用依赖（如firebase_analytics_web）本身没有Android目录，若误将其放在dependencies下，会被Android构建流程扫描到导致报错。调整方式：

   dependencies:
     firebase_analytics: ^x.x.x # 引入多平台核心包
   dev_dependencies:
     firebase_analytics_web: ^x.x.x # web专用依赖移至dev_dependencies
   

   或通过条件导入控制依赖加载，确保Android构建时不处理web依赖。

2. 彻底清理缓存并重新获取依赖
   执行以下命令删除缓存后重新下载所有依赖：

   rm -rf ~/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/
   flutter clean
   flutter pub get
   

3. 配置Android构建过滤规则
   打开项目android/build.gradle，添加打包过滤规则排除web相关目录：

   android {
       packagingOptions {
           exclude '**/web/**'
       }
   }
   

4. 切换Flutter渠道测试
   部分稳定版兼容性问题在beta渠道已修复，执行以下命令切换渠道：

   flutter channel beta
   flutter upgrade
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者cohenadair