安装fasttext遇ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pybind11'问题求助

问题描述 #

执行命令 python -m pip install -U fasttext 时安装失败，错误输出如下：

Collecting fasttext
  Using cached fasttext-0.9.2.tar.gz (68 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [25 lines of output]
      C:\Users\dorag\user\ドキュメント\仮想環境\64env\Scripts\python.exe: No module named pip
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 38, in __init__
      ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pybind11'
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "C:\Users\dorag\user\ドキュメント\仮想環境\64env\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
      main()
    File "C:\Users\dorag\user\ドキュメント\仮想環境\64env\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
      json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
    File "C:\Users\dorag\user\ドキュメント\仮想環境\64env\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
      return hook(config_settings)
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-build-env-de_xqg63\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 325, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
      return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-build-env-de_xqg63\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 295, in _get_build_requires
      self.run_setup()
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-build-env-de_xqg63\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 480, in run_setup
      super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend, self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-build-env-de_xqg63\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
      exec(code, locals())
    File "<string>", line 72, in <module>
    File "<string>", line 41, in __init__
  RuntimeError: pybind11 install failed.
  [end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

当前虚拟环境已安装的包（python -m pip freeze 输出）：

annotated-types==0.6.0
attrs==23.1.0
beautifulsoup4==4.12.2
bleach==6.1.0
blis==0.7.11
bs4==0.0.1
cachetools==5.3.2
catalogue==2.0.10
certifi==2023.7.22
chardet==3.0.4
charset-normalizer==3.3.2
click==8.1.7
colorama==0.4.6
confection==0.1.3
cymem==2.0.8
DateTime==5.2
decorator==5.1.1
defusedxml==0.7.1
entrypoints==0.4
et-xmlfile==1.1.0
fastjsonschema==2.18.1
filelock==3.13.1
files==1.1.1
fsspec==2023.10.0
gensim==4.3.2
ginza==5.1.3
ginza-transformers==0.4.2
huggingface-hub==0.17.3
idna==2.8
ipython-genutils==0.2.0
ja-ginza==5.1.3
ja-ginza-electra==5.1.3
Jinja2==3.1.2
joblib==1.2.0
jupyter_core==5.5.0
jupyterlab-pygments==0.2.2
langcodes==3.3.0
logzero==1.7.0
MarkupSafe==2.1.3
mecab==0.996.3
mistune==3.0.2
mpmath==1.3.0
murmurhash==1.0.10
nest-asyncio==1.5.8
networkx==3.2.1
numpy==1.25.0
openpyxl==3.1.2
packaging==23.2
pandas==2.1.2
pandocfilters==1.5.0
pathy==0.10.3
pickleshare==0.7.5
plac==1.4.1
platformdirs==4.0.0
portpicker==1.2.0
preshed==3.0.9
prompt-toolkit==1.0.18
pyasn1==0.5.0
pyasn1-modules==0.3.0
pybind11==2.11.1
pydantic==2.4.2
pydantic_core==2.10.1
Pygments==2.16.1
python-dateutil==2.8.2
pytz==2023.3.post1
pywin32==306
PyYAML==6.0.1
pyzmq==25.1.1
referencing==0.30.2
regex==2023.10.3
requests==2.21.0
rpds-py==0.12.0
rsa==4.9
scikit-learn==1.2.2
scipy==1.10.1
simple-mecab==1.2.1
simplegeneric==0.8.1
six==1.12.0
smart-open==6.4.0
soupsieve==2.5
spacy==3.6.1
spacy-alignments==0.9.1
spacy-legacy==3.0.12
spacy-loggers==1.0.5
spacy-transformers==1.1.9
srsly==2.4.8
SudachiDict-core==20230927
SudachiDict-full==20230927
SudachiPy==0.6.7
SudachiTra==0.1.8
sympy==1.12
thinc==8.1.12
threadpoolctl==3.1.0
tinycss2==1.2.1
tokenizers==0.13.3
torch==2.1.0
tornado==4.5.3
tqdm==4.66.1
traitlets==5.13.0
transformers==4.25.1
typer==0.9.0
typing_extensions==4.8.0
tzdata==2023.3
urllib3==1.24.3
wasabi==1.1.2
wcwidth==0.2.9
webencodings==0.5.1
zope.interface==6.1

解决方案 #

1. 修复虚拟环境的pip问题 #

错误提示虚拟环境内的Python找不到pip，先执行以下步骤修复：

• 激活虚拟环境：

  .\64env\Scripts\activate
  

• 重新安装并升级pip：

  python -m ensurepip --upgrade
  

2. 解决fasttext编译依赖问题 #

虽然已安装pybind11，但Windows下编译fasttext常出现依赖识别异常，推荐直接使用预编译的wheel包安装：

1. 执行 python --version 确认你的Python版本（如3.10.x），并确认系统为64位
2. 下载匹配Python版本和系统的fasttext wheel包
3. 执行本地安装命令（替换为你的wheel包路径）：

   pip install path\to\fasttext-0.9.2-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl
   

如果坚持源码编译，需先安装Visual Studio Build Tools（勾选"C++ build tools"组件），再执行：

pip install -U fasttext

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者namba