Ubuntu 22.04下pyVISA报VI_ERROR_NPERMISSION错误的解决办法

安全阿岳

2026-7-4

无法在Linux Ubuntu 22.04下通过Python与Newport ESP300运动控制器通信

我在Linux机器上使用Python 3.10尝试连接Newport ESP300运动控制器，USB或串口连接均失败。

环境搭建过程：从Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS最小化纯净安装开始，安装NI驱动ni-ubuntu2204-drivers-2023Q4.deb和NI-VISA，安装过程无报错。安装pyVISA并创建ResourceManager后，仅得到33个ASRLx::INSTR端口列表；使用pyMeasure列出资源时，同样显示这些端口，但每个端口都重复出现如下错误：

0 : ASRL1::INSTR : Visa IO Error: check connections
VI_ERROR_NPERMISSION (-1073807192): Access to the resource or remote machine is denied. This is due to lack of sufficient privileges for the current user or machine

我的pyvisa-info信息（所有Python包均安装在虚拟环境中）：

(practice) physix@physix-Latitude-E7470:~$ pyvisa-info
Machine Details:
   Platform ID:    Linux-6.2.0-37-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.35
   Processor:      x86_64

Python:
   Implementation: CPython
   Executable:     /home/physix/Projects/practice/bin/python3
   Version:        3.10.12
   Compiler:       GCC 11.4.0
   Architecture:   ('x86', 64)
   Build:          Nov 20 2023 15:14:05 (#main)
   Unicode:        UCS4

PyVISA Version: 1.14.1

Backends:
   ivi:
      Version: 1.14.1 (bundled with PyVISA)
      #1: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvisa.so.23.8.0:
         found by: auto
         architecture:
            ('x86', 64)
         Vendor: National Instruments
         Impl. Version: 24119296
         Spec. Version: 7340032
   py:
      Version: 0.7.1
      ASRL INSTR: Available via PySerial (3.5)
      USB INSTR: Available via PyUSB (1.2.1). Backend: libusb1
      USB RAW: Available via PyUSB (1.2.1). Backend: libusb1
      TCPIP INSTR: Available 
         Resource discovery:
         - VXI-11: ok
         - hislip: ok
      TCPIP SOCKET: Available 
      VICP INSTR:
         Please install PyVICP to use this resource type.
      GPIB INSTR:
         Please install linux-gpib (Linux) or gpib-ctypes (Windows, Linux) to use this resource type. Note that installing gpib-ctypes will give you access to a broader range of functionalities.
         No module named 'gpib'
      GPIB INTFC:
         Please install linux-gpib (Linux) or gpib-ctypes (Windows, Linux) to use this resource type. Note that installing gpib-ctypes will give you access to a broader range of functionalities.
         No module named 'gpib'

截至目前，我已尝试以下方法但均未成功：

执行sudo chmod 777 /dev
执行sudo usermod -a -G tty physix
执行echo 'SUBSYSTEM=="usb", MODE="0666", GROUP="usbusers"' >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-com.rules
执行sudo udevadm trigger
将hostname -I的输出添加至VISA配置的安全允许访问列表

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Earthling75