macOS升级后Homebrew无法运行，出现Perl权限错误

设备为MacBook Pro，系统刚更新到macOS 14.1.2，运行任何Brew命令（例如brew cleanup）都会触发类似如下错误：

==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/portable-ruby/portable-ruby/blobs/sha256:02180ca8b8295422ae84921bcf034b7ee8ce5575488bd5e6a37a192e53cd5d34
############################################################################################################################################################ 100.0%
Can't locate strict.pm:   /Network/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/strict.pm: Permission denied at /usr/bin/shasum5.30 line 21.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/bin/shasum5.30 line 21.
Error: Checksum mismatch.
Expected: 02180ca8b8295422ae84921bcf034b7ee8ce5575488bd5e6a37a192e53cd5d34
  Actual:
 Archive: /Users/williamdewey/Library/Caches/Homebrew/portable-ruby-3.1.4.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz
To retry an incomplete download, remove the file above.
Error: Failed to install Homebrew Portable Ruby (and your system version is too old)!

已完成的排查操作：

• 确认Perl已安装，版本为5.30.3，路径为/usr/bin/perl
• XCode命令行工具已更新至最新版本
• 尝试修改权限时发现/Network/Library目录及其子目录不存在，但Perl脚本仍会在此路径查找模块
• 执行perl -E 'say for @INC'时触发新错误：

Can't locate feature.pm:   /Network/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/feature.pm: Permission denied.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

寻求解决该问题的有效方案。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者William Dewey