多模块Kotlin KTS Android应用模拟器运行报错：脚本插件不兼容

问题描述 #

首次尝试Android开发，参照Now in Android Demo构建基于Kotlin KTS的多模块应用。在Android Studio Iguana和Hedgehog版本中，运行app模块的build.gradle.kts后无法在模拟器启动应用，报错如下：

warning: default scripting plugin is disabled: The provided plugin org.jetbrains.kotlin.scripting.compiler.plugin.ScriptingCompilerConfigurationComponentRegistrar is not compatible with this version of compiler
error: unable to evaluate script, no scripting plugin loaded

我的libs.versions.toml版本配置如下：

[versions]
accompanist = "0.32.0"
android-gradlePlugin = "8.1.4"
androidxCore = "1.12.0"
junit4 = "4.13.2"
androidx-test-ext-junit = "1.1.5"
espresso-core = "3.5.1"
lifecycle-runtime-ktx = "2.6.1"
activity-compose = "1.7.2"
androidxComposeBom = "2023.01.00"
androidDesugarJdkLibs = "2.0.3"
androidxAppCompat = "1.6.1"
androidxActivity = "1.8.0"
androidxBrowser = "1.6.0"
androidxComposeCompiler = "1.4.5"
androidxComposeMaterial3 = "1.1.0-alpha06"
androidxComposeRuntimeTracing = "1.0.0-alpha01"
androidxCoreSplashscreen = "1.0.1"
androidxDataStore = "1.0.0"
androidxEspresso = "3.5.1"
androidxLifecycle = "2.6.2"
androidxMacroBenchmark = "1.2.0-rc02"
androidxMetrics = "1.0.0-alpha04"
androidxNavigation = "2.7.4"
androidxProfileinstaller = "1.3.1"
androidxStartup = "1.1.1"
androidxTestCore = "1.5.0"
androidxTestExt = "1.1.5"
androidxTestRules = "1.5.0"
androidxTestRunner = "1.5.2"
androidxTracing = "1.1.0"
androidxUiAutomator = "2.2.0"
androidxWindowManager = "1.1.0"
androidxWork = "2.9.0-beta01"
coil = "2.4.0"
firebaseBom = "32.3.1"
firebaseCrashlyticsPlugin = "2.9.9"
firebasePerfPlugin = "1.4.2"
gmsPlugin = "4.4.0"
googleOss = "17.0.1"
googleOssPlugin = "0.10.6"
androidxHiltNavigationCompose = "1.0.0"
hilt = "2.44.2"
hiltExt = "1.0.0"
jacoco = "0.8.7"
kotlin = "1.8.20"
kotlinxCoroutines = "1.7.3"
kotlinxDatetime = "0.4.1"
kotlinxSerializationJson = "1.6.0"
ksp = "1.8.20-1.0.11"
lint = "31.1.2"
okhttp = "4.11.0"
protobuf = "3.24.4"
protobufPlugin = "0.9.4"
retrofit = "2.9.0"
retrofitKotlinxSerializationJson = "1.0.0"
room = "2.5.2"
secrets = "2.0.1"
turbine = "1.0.0"
ui-tooling = "1.4.3"
material = "1.9.0"
robolectric = "4.10.3"
roborazzi = "1.5.0"
paletteKtx = "1.0.0"
material3Android = "1.2.0-alpha12"

[bundles]

问题分析 #

这个错误的核心是Kotlin版本与Android Gradle Plugin（AGP）、Compose Compiler或KSP版本不兼容，导致脚本编译插件无法正常加载。你的当前配置中，AGP 8.1.4与Kotlin 1.8.20的基础匹配是成立的，但Compose Compiler、KSP的版本组合可能存在隐性兼容性问题，或者缓存干扰了插件加载流程。

解决方案 #

1. 对齐核心依赖版本 #

修改libs.versions.toml，将Kotlin、AGP、Compose Compiler、KSP调整为经过验证的兼容组合：

kotlin = "1.9.0"
android-gradlePlugin = "8.1.4"
androidxComposeCompiler = "1.5.0"
ksp = "1.9.0-1.0.13"

注：Kotlin与Compose Compiler、KSP版本必须严格对应，上述组合是官方推荐的稳定搭配。

2. 检查根目录settings.gradle.kts配置 #

确保插件版本统一从libs.versions.toml读取，避免硬编码版本：

pluginManagement {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
    plugins {
        id("com.android.application") version libs.versions.android.gradlePlugin.get()
        id("com.android.library") version libs.versions.android.gradlePlugin.get()
        id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version libs.versions.kotlin.get()
        id("com.google.devtools.ksp") version libs.versions.ksp.get()
        // 其他插件保持一致配置
    }
}

3. 清理缓存并重构 #

• 执行终端命令：./gradlew clean 清理构建缓存
• 重启Android Studio，执行File → Invalidate Caches... → Invalidate and Restart
• 重新运行./gradlew assembleDebug构建项目

4. 降级AGP（备选方案） #

如果升级Kotlin版本后问题仍存在，可尝试降级AGP到更稳定的版本：

android-gradlePlugin = "8.0.2"
kotlin = "1.8.20"
androidxComposeCompiler = "1.4.5"
ksp = "1.8.20-1.0.11"

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sheryf