在AWS中使用Python连接Alpaca模拟交易时遇模块找不到问题

我正在开发一个使用Alpaca模拟交易账户进行股票交易模拟的程序，但无法让程序与Alpaca正常交互。按文档要求用pip3 install alpaca_py安装模块后显示成功，但导入模块并使用API密钥时，出现模块未找到的错误。

我的代码 #

import alpaca_py as tradeapi

# Set your Alpaca API key and secret
api_key= "api_key_here"
api_secret = "api_secret_here"

# Set the base URL for paper trading
base_url = "https://paper-api.alpaca.markets"

# Create an Alpaca API connection
api = tradeapi.REST(api_key, api_secret, base_url=base_url, api_version='v2') 

错误信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ubuntu/environment/final_play.py", line 2, in <module>
    import alpaca_py as tradeapi
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'alpaca_py'

已排查的内容 #

查阅相关文章后，怀疑存在与模块同名的文件，但当前目录下只有final_play.py，没有alpaca.py这类同名文件。

尝试的安装操作及结果 #

• 使用pip install alpaca-py安装失败，输出：

ubuntu:~/environment $ pip install alpaca-py
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement alpaca-py (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for alpaca-py

• 使用pip3 install alpaca-py时，输出显示模块已安装：

ubuntu:~/environment $ pip3 install alpaca-py
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: alpaca-py in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (0.13.4)
Requirement already satisfied: sseclient-py<2.0.0,>=1.7.2 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (1.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pandas>=1.5.3 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (2.1.4)
Requirement already satisfied: websockets<12.0.0,>=11.0.3 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (11.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: msgpack<2.0.0,>=1.0.3 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (1.0.7)
Requirement already satisfied: pydantic<3.0.0,>=2.0.3 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (2.5.2)
Requirement already satisfied: requests<3.0.0,>=2.30.0 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from alpaca-py) (2.31.0)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pandas>=1.5.3->alpaca-py) (2.8.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2020.1 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from pandas>=1.5.3->alpaca-py) (2022.1)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata>=2022.1 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from pandas>=1.5.3->alpaca-py) (2023.3)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy<2,>=1.22.4 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from pandas>=1.5.3->alpaca-py) (1.26.2)
Requirement already satisfied: annotated-types>=0.4.0 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from pydantic<3.0.0,>=2.0.3->alpaca-py) (0.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pydantic-core==2.14.5 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from pydantic<3.0.0,>=2.0.3->alpaca-py) (2.14.5)
Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions>=4.6.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pydantic<3.0.0,>=2.0.3->alpaca-py) (4.7.1)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.30.0->alpaca-py) (1.26.5)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.30.0->alpaca-py) (2020.6.20)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.30.0->alpaca-py) (3.3.2)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from requests<3.0.0,>=2.30.0->alpaca-py) (3.3)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.8.2->pandas>=1.5.3->alpaca-py) (1.16.0)

解决方法 #

1. 对齐Python版本 #

你用pip3把模块装在了Python3.10环境，但运行代码时可能调用了Python2（从pip install的报错能看出系统默认pip对应Python2）。

• 运行代码时明确指定Python3：

  python3 final_play.py
  

• 验证版本：分别执行python --version和python3 --version，确认运行代码的版本与安装模块的版本一致。

2. 修正导入语句 #

Alpaca-py的正确导入方式不是import alpaca_py as tradeapi，这是旧版alpaca-trade-api的用法。新版alpaca-py的导入方式如下：

from alpaca.trading import REST

# 设置API密钥和密钥
api_key = "api_key_here"
api_secret = "api_secret_here"
base_url = "https://paper-api.alpaca.markets"

# 创建API连接
api = REST(api_key, api_secret, base_url=base_url, api_version='v2')

3. 检查Python路径 #

确认Python3能找到模块安装路径：

• 执行以下命令查看Python3的site-packages路径：

  python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.path)"
  

• 如果输出里没有/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages，可以临时在代码开头添加：

  import sys
  sys.path.append('/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages')
  

• 永久解决：把该路径添加到PYTHONPATH环境变量中。

4. 重装模块（可选） #

如果以上方法无效，尝试卸载后重装：

pip3 uninstall -y alpaca-py
pip3 install alpaca-py --user

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者data_life