Spring Boot 3下Cucumber上下文配置未被识别的问题求助

错误提示明确指出Cucumber无法找到Spring上下文配置类，核心原因是带有@CucumberContextConfiguration的类不在Cucumber的glue扫描范围内：你的测试入口类ShopApplicationTests位于com.alten.shop包，但@CucumberOptions的glue仅指定了com.alten.shop.steps，导致Cucumber扫描不到Spring配置。此外，你同时混用了JUnit 4（@RunWith）和JUnit 5（cucumber-junit-platform-engine）的依赖，可能引发版本冲突。

方案一：扩展Glue扫描范围，包含配置类所在包 #

修改ShopApplicationTests的@CucumberOptions，将配置类所在的com.alten.shop包加入glue列表：

package com.alten.shop;

import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
import io.cucumber.spring.CucumberContextConfiguration;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
    monochrome = true,
    features = { "classpath:features/products.feature" },
    glue = { "com.alten.shop", "com.alten.shop.steps" }, // 新增配置类所在包
    plugin = {"pretty", "json:target/cucumber-report.json"}
)
@CucumberContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class ShopApplicationTests {
}

方案二：创建独立的Cucumber配置类（更规范） #

在com.alten.shop.steps包下新建Spring配置类，让Cucumber自动扫描到：

package com.alten.shop.steps;

import io.cucumber.spring.CucumberContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@CucumberContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class CucumberSpringConfig {
}

随后修改原测试入口类，移除Spring相关注解：

package com.alten.shop;

import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
    monochrome = true,
    features = { "classpath:features/products.feature" },
    glue = { "com.alten.shop.steps" },
    plugin = {"pretty", "json:target/cucumber-report.json"}
)
public class ShopApplicationTests {
}

优化JUnit依赖（适配Spring Boot 3） #

Spring Boot 3默认使用JUnit 5，建议统一依赖版本：

1. 移除JUnit 4的cucumber-junit依赖，保留JUnit 5的cucumber-junit-platform-engine
2. 恢复spring-boot-starter-test的默认依赖，去掉对junit-jupiter-engine的排除

修改后的pom.xml依赖片段：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.14</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3. 改用JUnit 5的Suite注解替代@RunWith（可选，更贴合Spring Boot 3生态）：

package com.alten.shop;

import org.junit.platform.suite.api.ConfigurationParameter;
import org.junit.platform.suite.api.IncludeEngines;
import org.junit.platform.suite.api.Suite;

import static io.cucumber.junit.platform.engine.Constants.*;

@Suite
@IncludeEngines("cucumber")
@ConfigurationParameter(key = FEATURES_PROPERTY_NAME, value = "classpath:features/products.feature")
@ConfigurationParameter(key = GLUE_PROPERTY_NAME, value = "com.alten.shop.steps")
@ConfigurationParameter(key = PLUGIN_PROPERTY_NAME, value = "pretty,json:target/cucumber-report.json")
@ConfigurationParameter(key = MONOCHROME_PROPERTY_NAME, value = "true")
public class ShopApplicationTests {
}

1. 清理项目编译目录（如target）
2. 重新运行Cucumber测试
3. 检查是否成功启动Spring上下文并执行测试步骤

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jozinho22