JDK11调用SOAP服务遇WebServiceTransportException(404)问题求助

问题背景 #

将JDK8+Maven环境下的SOAP服务调用代码迁移至JDK11+Gradle环境后，JaxB相关错误已解决，且可通过SoapUI正常调用目标SOAP服务，但使用Spring WS的marshalSendAndReceive方法发起调用时，出现org.springframework.ws.client.WebServiceTransportException: Not Found [404]错误。

相关代码 #

MyServiceConfig.java #

package com.mytest.config;

import com.mytest.webservice.GetSummaryRequestType;
import com.mytest.webservice.GetSummaryResponseType;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller;

@Configuration
public class MyServiceConfig {

    @Bean(name="myMarshaller")
    public Jaxb2Marshaller myMarshaller() {
        Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
        marshaller.setClassesToBeBound(GetSummaryRequestType.class, GetSummaryResponseType.class);
        return marshaller;
    }
}

MyService.java #

package com.mytest.service;

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement;

import com.mytest.webservice.KeyType;
import com.mytest.webservice.GetSummaryRequestType;
import com.mytest.webservice.GetSummaryResponseType;
import com.mytest.webservice.ObjectFactory;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.ws.client.core.support.WebServiceGatewaySupport;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.client.core.SoapActionCallback;

import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class MyService extends WebServiceGatewaySupport {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("myMarshaller")
    Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller;

    @Value("${soapws.url:http://localhost/soapService}")
    String wsUrl;

    @Getter
    private ObjectFactory myServiceObjectFactory = new ObjectFactory();

    public GetSummaryResponseType getSummary(int number, String todaysDate, String id, String startTime) throws Exception {

        try {
            this.setDefaultUri(wsUrl);

            KeyType objKey = getMyServiceObjectFactory().createKeyType();
            objKey.setNumber(number);
            XMLGregorianCalendar calDate = DatatypeFactory.newInstance().newXMLGregorianCalendar(todaysDate);
            objKey.setDate(calDate);
            objKey.setScannerId(id);
            objKey.setStartTime(startTime);

            GetSummaryRequestType request = getMyServiceObjectFactory().createGetSummaryRequestType();
            request.getKeyType().add(objKey);

            getWebServiceTemplate().setMarshaller(marshaller);
            getWebServiceTemplate().setUnmarshaller(marshaller);

            JAXBElement<?> responseElement = null;

            SoapActionCallback soapActionCallback = new SoapActionCallback("getSummary");
            responseElement = (JAXBElement<?>) getWebServiceTemplate().marshalSendAndReceive(
                    request, soapActionCallback);

            GetSummaryResponseType response = (GetSummaryResponseType)responseElement.getValue();

            return response;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.info("Error: " + e);
            throw new Exception("My Service is unavailable while fetching the summary information", e);
        }
    }
}

build.gradle（JAXB/Jakarta相关依赖） #

implementation 'jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:4.0.1'
implementation 'jakarta.xml.ws:jakarta.xml.ws-api:4.0.1'
implementation 'org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-runtime:4.0.4'
implementation 'jakarta.jws:jakarta.jws-api:3.0.0'
implementation 'javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:2.3.1'
implementation 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:2.3.4'
implementation 'com.sun.xml.ws:jaxws-tools:4.0.2'
implementation 'one.gfw:jakarta.activation-api:2.1.1'

排查方向与解决办法 #

1. SOAP Action参数不匹配 #

大部分SOAP服务要求完整命名空间+方法名作为SOAP Action值，而非简单的方法名。当前代码中传入的是"getSummary"，需对照SoapUI中的请求配置，替换为完整的SOAP Action值（比如"http://mytest.com/webservice/getSummary"）。

修改示例：

// 替换为SoapUI中实际使用的SOAP Action
SoapActionCallback soapActionCallback = new SoapActionCallback("http://mytest.com/webservice/getSummary");

2. 服务URL存在拼写或格式问题 #

确认soapws.url配置与SoapUI中使用的URL完全一致，注意以下细节：

• 大小写是否匹配（部分服务器路径区分大小写）
• 末尾是否多/少斜杠（比如http://localhost/soapService和http://localhost/soapService/可能被视为不同路径）
• 是否遗漏服务端要求的路径后缀

3. 清理依赖冲突 #

当前依赖中同时引入了JAXB的旧版javax依赖和新版Jakarta依赖，存在版本冲突，可能导致请求格式异常或传输逻辑错误。修改依赖如下：

// 保留Jakarta EE规范的依赖，移除旧版javax依赖
implementation 'jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:4.0.1'
implementation 'org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-runtime:4.0.4'
implementation 'jakarta.xml.ws:jakarta.xml.ws-api:4.0.1'
implementation 'jakarta.jws:jakarta.jws-api:3.0.0'
// 使用官方Jakarta Activation依赖，替换第三方包
implementation 'jakarta.activation:jakarta.activation-api:2.1.1'
// 仅需代码生成时保留，否则可删除
implementation 'com.sun.xml.ws:jaxws-tools:4.0.2'

4. 优化WebServiceTemplate配置 #

无需在每次调用时手动设置Marshaller/Unmarshaller，可通过构造方法注入时统一配置，避免重复操作可能引发的问题：

@Autowired
public MyService(@Qualifier("myMarshaller") Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller,
                 @Value("${soapws.url:http://localhost/soapService}") String wsUrl) {
    setMarshaller(marshaller);
    setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
    setDefaultUri(wsUrl);
}

同时删除getSummary方法中的以下代码：

this.setDefaultUri(wsUrl);
getWebServiceTemplate().setMarshaller(marshaller);
getWebServiceTemplate().setUnmarshaller(marshaller);

5. 开启请求日志排查细节 #

添加日志配置，查看实际发送的请求URL、SOAP头和请求体，对比SoapUI的请求内容，定位差异：

# application.properties
logging.level.org.springframework.ws.client.MessageTracing=TRACE
logging.level.org.springframework.ws.server.MessageTracing=TRACE

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者lank81