已安装.NET 8 SDK，新建Hello World控制台应用却无法运行

环境与操作步骤 #

• 系统：Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
• 已安装dotnet-sdk-8.0
• 创建并构建控制台应用的命令：

mkdir console
dotnet new console
dotnet build

问题现象 #

直接运行生成的二进制文件时，报错提示未安装.NET 8：

> ./bin/Debug/net8.0/console
You must install .NET to run this application.

App: /root/console/bin/Debug/net8.0/console
Architecture: x64
App host version: 8.0.0
.NET location: Not found

Learn more:
https://aka.ms/dotnet/app-launch-failed

Download the .NET runtime:
https://aka.ms/dotnet-core-applaunch?missing_runtime=true&arch=x64&rid=linux-x64&os=ubuntu.22.04&apphost_version=8.0.0

但执行dotnet --info显示环境已正确配置：

> dotnet --info
.NET SDK:
 Version:           8.0.100
 Commit:            57efcf1350
 Workload version:  8.0.100-manifests.6c33ef20

Runtime Environment:
 OS Name:     ubuntu
 OS Version:  22.04
 OS Platform: Linux
 RID:         linux-x64
 Base Path:   /usr/share/dotnet/sdk/8.0.100/

.NET workloads installed:
 Workload version: 8.0.100-manifests.6c33ef20
There are no installed workloads to display.

Host:
  Version:      8.0.0
  Architecture: x64
  Commit:       5535e31a71

.NET SDKs installed:
  8.0.100 [/usr/share/dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 8.0.0 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 8.0.0 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

Other architectures found:
  None

Environment variables:
  Not set

global.json file:
  Not found

Learn more:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/info

Download .NET:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/download

系统版本验证：

> cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="22.04"
VERSION="22.04.3 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"
VERSION_CODENAME=jammy
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=jammy

解决方法 #

方法1：通过dotnet run运行应用 #

不要直接执行二进制文件，使用SDK自带命令运行：

cd console
dotnet run

方法2：配置.NET环境变量 #

设置环境变量让应用能找到.NET运行时路径：

export DOTNET_ROOT=/usr/share/dotnet
export PATH=$PATH:$DOTNET_ROOT:$DOTNET_ROOT/tools

若要永久生效，可将上述两行添加到~/.bashrc或~/.profile文件中，重启终端或执行source ~/.bashrc生效。

方法3：发布为自包含应用（独立运行） #

如果需要直接运行二进制文件，可发布时打包运行时：

cd console
dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 --self-contained true

运行发布后的文件：

./bin/Release/net8.0/linux-x64/publish/console

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rytis I