Node.js连接Lando MySQL失败求助：非Node项目可正常连接

我在尝试将Node.js连接到Lando运行的MySQL数据库时遇到问题：数据库已正常启动，非Node.js项目均可正常连接，但Node.js连接失败。已尝试将host设为'database'、'localhost'和'internal'均无效，当前使用Node.js v18.19.0、npm v10.2.3。以下是相关代码、配置及报错信息，求排查原因：

Node.js连接代码 #

const express = require('express');

const app = express();
const cors = require('cors');

const mysql = require('mysql');

app.use(cors());

const db = mysql.createConnection({
    host: 'database',
    user: 'lemp',
    password: 'lemp',
    database: 'lemp',
    port: 3306
});

Lando配置 #

services:
  database:
    type: mysql
    creds:
      username: lemp
      password: lemp

数据库终端信息 #

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| lemp               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use lemp
Database changed

报错信息 #

$ node index.js
Server listening on port 8080
/home/maarten/www/react/test/server/index.js:19
    if (err) throw err;
             ^

Error: getaddrinfo EAI_AGAIN database
    at GetAddrInfoReqWrap.onlookup [as oncomplete] (node:dns:107:26)
    --------------------
    at Protocol._enqueue (/home/maarten/www/react/test/server/node_modules/mysql/lib/protocol/Protocol.js:144:48)
    at Protocol.handshake (/home/maarten/www/react/test/server/node_modules/mysql/lib/protocol/Protocol.js:51:23)
    at Connection.connect (/home/maarten/www/react/test/server/node_modules/mysql/lib/Connection.js:116:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/home/maarten/www/react/test/server/index.js:18:4)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1356:14)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1414:10)
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1197:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1013:12)
    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (node:internal/modules/run_main:128:12)
    at node:internal/main/run_main_module:28:49 {
  errno: -3001,
  code: 'EAI_AGAIN',
  syscall: 'getaddrinfo',
  hostname: 'database',
  fatal: true
}

Node.js v18.19.0

排查方案 #

• 确认Node服务运行环境：如果Node.js是本地直接启动（非Lando服务），则无法通过'database'内部主机名访问，需用localhost+Lando暴露的外部端口（执行lando info查看database服务的external_connection.port）。
• 检查容器网络连通性：若Node是Lando服务，通过lando ssh进入Node容器，执行ping database验证主机解析，无效则重启Lando（lando restart）。
• 替换数据库包：旧mysql包与Node.js v18+可能存在兼容性问题，安装mysql2并替换代码中的require('mysql')为require('mysql2')。
• 校验用户访问权限：进入数据库终端执行SELECT host, user FROM mysql.user WHERE user='lemp';，若host非%，执行以下命令开放权限：

  ALTER USER 'lemp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lemp';
  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  

• 核对Lando服务配置：执行lando info，确认database服务的internal_connection参数（host、port、账号密码）与Node代码完全一致。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Maarten