使用Windows SDK 10.0.20348构建内核驱动：找不到ntoskrnl.lib？

尝试使用Windows SDK 10.0.20348构建Windows内核驱动时，编译链接阶段报错无法找到指定路径的ntoskrnl.lib，错误信息如下：

fatal error LNK1181: cannot open input file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.20348.0\km\x64\ntoskrnl.lib'

对比Windows SDK 10.0.19041版本，该库存在于多个架构的内核模式库目录下，查找结果如下：

$ find /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/ -iname ntoskrnl.lib -ls
281474977350513    836 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     852788 Dec  1  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/10.0.19041.0/km/arm/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977350489    768 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     783006 Dec  1  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/10.0.19041.0/km/arm64/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977347929    820 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     839508 Dec  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/10.0.19041.0/km/x64/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977348046    872 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     892218 Dec  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/10.0.19041.0/km/x86/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349408    668 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     682044 Nov  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/win7/km/x64/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349328    704 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     719922 Jun 23  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/win7/km/x86/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349511    712 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     728936 Jun 20  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/win8/km/arm/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349615    644 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     655438 Nov  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/win8/km/x64/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349633    672 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     687918 Jun 23  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/win8/km/x86/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349751    732 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     746102 Jun 20  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/winv6.3/km/arm/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349955    664 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     679632 Nov  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/winv6.3/km/x64/ntoskrnl.lib
281474977349835    736 -rwxr-x---   1 SYSTEM   SYSTEM     752656 Dec  2  2020 /cygdrive/c/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows\ Kits/10/Lib/winv6.3/km/x86/ntoskrnl.lib

请问是10.0.20348版本不再支持ntoskrnl.lib，还是遗漏了某些配置？

10.0.20348版本并未移除ntoskrnl.lib，问题出在内核驱动开发所需的库并未包含在基础Windows SDK中，需要单独安装对应版本的Windows Driver Kit（WDK）。

具体排查步骤： #

• 检查WDK安装状态：打开Visual Studio Installer，查看已安装的工作负载中是否包含"Windows Driver Kit - Windows 10.0.20348.0"；若未安装，补充勾选该组件并完成安装，也可以通过独立的WDK安装包进行安装。
• 验证库路径配置：安装完成后，打开驱动项目的属性设置，进入链接器 -> 常规 -> 附加库目录，确认是否添加了路径C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.20348.0\km\x64（根据你的目标架构调整x64为对应平台）。
• 确认环境变量：检查系统环境变量LIB是否包含上述库目录，若未包含，手动添加后重启Visual Studio。

之前的10.0.19041版本可能是因为你同时安装了SDK和对应WDK组件，所以能找到该库；而10.0.20348仅安装了基础SDK，缺少内核驱动开发的必要库文件。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Roland Mainz