如何在脚本端检查Google Classroom中标记为Excused的学生提交状态？

云原生阿岚

2026-7-3

Google Classroom 作业「Excused」状态脚本检测方案

核心判断逻辑（基于现有字段组合）

由于官方暂未在StudentSubmission对象中添加明确的excused字段，可通过提交状态+成绩字段的组合来识别该状态：

标记为Excused的提交，state会被设为"GRADED"
同时assignedGrade和draftGrade均为null（未定义状态）

对应Google Apps Script代码示例：

function detectExcusedSubmissions(courseId, assignmentId) {
  const submissions = Classroom.Courses.CourseWork.StudentSubmissions.list(courseId, assignmentId);
  if (!submissions.studentSubmissions) return;

  submissions.studentSubmissions.forEach(sub => {
    const isExcused = sub.state === "GRADED" && sub.assignedGrade === null && sub.draftGrade === null;
    if (isExcused) {
      console.log(`学生ID ${sub.userId} 的提交已标记为Excused`);
    }
  });
}

备选方案：检查提交历史记录

部分场景下，可通过遍历submissionHistory字段，查找是否存在标记为Excused的操作记录（该字段内容可能因API版本或功能更新有所变化）：

function checkExcusedFromHistory(courseId, assignmentId) {
  const submissions = Classroom.Courses.CourseWork.StudentSubmissions.list(courseId, assignmentId);
  if (!submissions.studentSubmissions) return;

  submissions.studentSubmissions.forEach(sub => {
    if (!sub.submissionHistory) return;
    const hasExcusedAction = sub.submissionHistory.some(history => 
      history.actionType === "EXCUSED" || history.description?.toLowerCase().includes("excused")
    );
    if (hasExcusedAction) {
      console.log(`学生ID ${sub.userId} 的提交已标记为Excused`);
    }
  });
}