如何在Groovy脚本中提取Jenkins FQDN并在Bash脚本中使用？

1. 正确提取主机名 #

不要用split('/')拆分URL，Groovy自带的URL类可以直接解析URL的各个组成部分，适配性更强（比如兼容带端口的URL）：

def url = new URL(env.JENKINS_URL)
def hostfqdn = url.host // 直接得到 dev.blsm.comp.com

如果坚持用拆分方式，需要取数组的第2个元素（拆分后数组为["https:", "", "dev.blsm.comp.com", ...]）：

def hostfqdn = "${env.JENKINS_URL}".split('/')[2]

2. 将Groovy变量传递给Bash脚本 #

Groovy变量与Bash脚本变量相互隔离，以下两种方式可实现传递：

方式一：Groovy字符串插值（用双引号包裹Bash脚本） #

用"""包裹Bash脚本，Groovy会自动将变量值插入脚本中，注意转义Bash里的$符号（避免Groovy误解析）：

steps {
    container('main') {
        script {
            def url = new URL(env.JENKINS_URL)
            def hostfqdn = url.host
            withCredentials([[$class: 'VaultUsernamePasswordCredentialBinding', credentialsId: 'vaulted-jenkins-api-token' , passwordVariable: 'JENKINS_USER_TOKEN', usernameVariable: 'JENKINS_USERNAME']]) {
                sh """ echo ${hostfqdn} """
                sh '''export JENKINS_CRUMB=$(curl -u "$JENKINS_USERNAME:$JENKINS_USER_TOKEN" -s --cookie-jar /tmp/cookies $JENKINS_URL'/crumbIssuer/api/xml?xpath=concat(//crumbRequestField,":",//crumb)')'''
                sh(script: """#!/bin/bash
                    echo ${hostfqdn}
                    curl -X POST https://${JENKINS_USERNAME}:${JENKINS_USER_TOKEN}@${hostfqdn}/credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials \\
                    --data-urlencode 'json={
                    "credentials": {
                        "scope": "GLOBAL",
                        "id": "identification",
                        "username": "manu",
                        "password": "bar",
                        "description": "linda1",
                        "\$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl"
                    }
                    }'
                    echo "Creds link is \${credsLink}"
                """)
            }
        }
    }
}

方式二：将Groovy变量设为环境变量 #

把提取到的hostfqdn注入Jenkins Pipeline的环境变量，Bash脚本可直接通过$hostfqdn读取：

steps {
    container('main') {
        script {
            def url = new URL(env.JENKINS_URL)
            def hostfqdn = url.host
            env.hostfqdn = hostfqdn // 将变量转为环境变量
            withCredentials([[$class: 'VaultUsernamePasswordCredentialBinding', credentialsId: 'vaulted-jenkins-api-token' , passwordVariable: 'JENKINS_USER_TOKEN', usernameVariable: 'JENKINS_USERNAME']]) {
                sh ''' echo $hostfqdn ''' // 可正确输出主机名
                sh '''export JENKINS_CRUMB=$(curl -u "$JENKINS_USERNAME:$JENKINS_USER_TOKEN" -s --cookie-jar /tmp/cookies $JENKINS_URL'/crumbIssuer/api/xml?xpath=concat(//crumbRequestField,":",//crumb)')'''
                sh(script: '''#!/bin/bash
                    echo ${hostfqdn}
                    curl -X POST https://${JENKINS_USERNAME}:${JENKINS_USER_TOKEN}@${hostfqdn}/credentials/store/system/domain/_/createCredentials \\
                    --data-urlencode 'json={
                    "credentials": {
                        "scope": "GLOBAL",
                        "id": "identification",
                        "username": "manu",
                        "password": "bar",
                        "description": "linda1",
                        "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl"
                    }
                    }'
                    echo "Creds link is ${credsLink}"
                ''')
            }
        }
    }
}

3. 错误原因说明 #

你之前的代码存在两个核心问题：

• split('/')返回的是数组而非单个字符串，导致hostfqdn无法直接在Bash中使用；
• Bash脚本用'''包裹时，Groovy不会插值变量，使得Bash里的$hostfqdn为空，最终引发curl的URL格式错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者AhmFM