加载racc/parser.rb失败，无法本地构建Jekyll网站

问题 #

维护旧Jekyll静态网站时，本地编译部署到GitHub Pages失败，因依赖jekyll-scholar和bibtex-ruby必须本地构建，出现LoadError终止构建，错误信息如下：

C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `require': cannot load such file -- racc/parser.rb (LoadError)
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bibtex-ruby-6.0.0/lib/bibtex/name_parser.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bibtex-ruby-6.0.0/lib/bibtex.rb:60:in `<top (required)>'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/jekyll-scholar-7.1.3/lib/jekyll/scholar.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/jekyll-scholar-7.1.3/lib/jekyll-scholar.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
        from <internal:C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:37:in `require'
        from <internal:C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:37:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/3.3.0/bundled_gems.rb:74:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:60:in `block (2 levels) in require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `each'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `block in require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:44:in `each'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:44:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bundler-2.5.3/lib/bundler.rb:187:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/jekyll-4.3.3/lib/jekyll/plugin_manager.rb:53:in `require_from_bundler'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/jekyll-4.3.3/exe/jekyll:11:in `<top (required)>'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/bin/jekyll:32:in `load'
        from C:/Ruby33-x64/bin/jekyll:32:in `<main>'

当前使用Ruby 3.3.0，已尝试降级相关gem、添加论坛建议的gem但无效，附上Gemfile.lock内容：

GEM
  remote: https://rubygems.org/
  specs:
    addressable (2.8.6)
      public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 6.0)
    bibtex-ruby (6.0.0)
      latex-decode (~> 0.0)
    citeproc (1.0.10)
      namae (~> 1.0)
    citeproc-ruby (1.1.14)
      citeproc (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.9)
      csl (~> 1.6)
    colorator (1.1.0)
    concurrent-ruby (1.2.2)
    csl (1.6.0)
      namae (~> 1.0)
      rexml
    csl-styles (1.0.1.11)
      csl (~> 1.0)
    em-websocket (0.5.3)
      eventmachine (>= 0.12.9)
      http_parser.rb (~> 0)
    eventmachine (1.2.7)
    ffi (1.16.3)
    forwardable-extended (2.6.0)
    google-protobuf (3.25.1)
    http_parser.rb (0.8.0)
    i18n (1.14.1)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
    jekyll (4.3.3)
      addressable (~> 2.4)
      colorator (~> 1.0)
      em-websocket (~> 0.5)
      i18n (~> 1.0)
      jekyll-sass-converter (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
      jekyll-watch (~> 2.0)
      kramdown (~> 2.3, >= 2.3.1)
      kramdown-parser-gfm (~> 1.0)
      liquid (~> 4.0)
      mercenary (>= 0.3.6, < 0.5)
      pathutil (~> 0.9)
      rouge (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
      safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
      terminal-table (>= 1.8, < 4.0)
      webrick (~> 1.7)
    jekyll-sass-converter (3.0.0)
      sass-embedded (~> 1.54)
    jekyll-scholar (7.1.3)
      bibtex-ruby (~> 6.0)
      citeproc-ruby (~> 1.0)
      csl-styles (~> 1.0)
      jekyll (~> 4.0)
    jekyll-watch (2.2.1)
      listen (~> 3.0)
    json (2.7.1)
    kramdown (2.4.0)
      rexml
    kramdown-parser-gfm (1.1.0)
      kramdown (~> 2.0)
    latex-decode (0.4.0)
    liquid (4.0.4)
    listen (3.8.0)
      rb-fsevent (~> 0.10, >= 0.10.3)
      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.10)
    mercenary (0.4.0)
    namae (1.1.1)
    pathutil (0.16.2)
      forwardable-extended (~> 2.6)
    public_suffix (5.0.4)
    rack (2.2.8)
    rackup (1.0.0)
      rack (< 3)
      webrick
    rb-fsevent (0.11.2)
    rb-inotify (0.10.1)
      ffi (~> 1.0)
    rexml (3.2.6)
    rouge (4.2.0)
    safe_yaml (1.0.5)
    sass-embedded (1.69.5-x64-mingw-ucrt)
      google-protobuf (~> 3.23)
    terminal-table (3.0.2)
      unicode-display_width (>= 1.1.1, < 3)
    unicode-display_width (2.5.0)
    webrick (1.8.1)

PLATFORMS
  x64-mingw-ucrt

DEPENDENCIES
  jekyll-scholar
  json
  rack (~> 2.0)
  rackup

BUNDLED WITH
   2.5.3

解决方案 #

• 手动安装缺失的racc依赖：错误提示找不到racc/parser.rb，直接执行命令安装：

  gem install racc
  

  安装后重新运行bundle exec jekyll build。

• 锁定bibtex-ruby版本到兼容Ruby 3.3的版本：当前使用的bibtex-ruby 6.0.0可能和Ruby 3.3存在兼容问题，修改Gemfile，指定版本为5.1.0（经测试兼容Ruby 3.3）：

  gem 'bibtex-ruby', '~> 5.1.0'
  

  然后执行：

  bundle update bibtex-ruby
  

• 清理本地gem缓存并重新安装依赖：如果缓存有损坏，执行以下命令：

  bundle clean --force
  bundle install
  

• 以管理员权限运行命令行：Windows下权限问题可能导致gem安装不完整，右键命令提示符或PowerShell选择"以管理员身份运行"，再重新执行安装和构建命令。

• 极端情况：修改bibtex-ruby源码跳过解析器加载：如果以上方法都无效，找到本地bibtex-ruby的安装目录（比如C:/Ruby33-x64/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/bibtex-ruby-6.0.0/lib/bibtex/name_parser.rb），注释掉加载racc的行：

  # require 'racc/parser.rb'
  

  注意：此方法属于临时 workaround，可能影响bibtex中作者名称的解析功能，仅在紧急情况下使用。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者That_Guy_JR