Quarkus从2.16迁移至3.6.4后JaCoCo报错求助

AI 小北

2026-7-2

Quarkus 3.6.4 启动时 JaCoCo NoClassDefFoundError 问题排查

我使用Quarkus CLI的quarkus update命令将项目从2.16版本迁移至3.6.4版本，Maven依赖更新顺利，但执行mvn quarkus:dev启动项目时，遇到JaCoCo相关错误，日志显示：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jacoco/agent/rt/internal_4481564/Offline

错误日志详情：

13:46:03 ERROR [traceId=,spanId=] [io.qu.de.de.IsolatedDevModeMain] (main) Failed to start quarkus: java.lang.RuntimeException: io.quarkus.builder.BuildException: Build failure: Build failed due to errors
        [error]: Build step io.quarkus.resteasy.reactive.common.deployment.ResteasyReactiveCommonProcessor#handleApplication threw an exception: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to handle class: tn.wecraft.bore.Application
        at org.jboss.resteasy.reactive.common.processor.scanning.ResteasyReactiveScanner.scanForApplicationClass(ResteasyReactiveScanner.java:117)
        at io.quarkus.resteasy.reactive.common.deployment.ResteasyReactiveCommonProcessor.handleApplication(ResteasyReactiveCommonProcessor.java:181)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at io.quarkus.deployment.ExtensionLoader$3.execute(ExtensionLoader.java:849)
        at io.quarkus.builder.BuildContext.run(BuildContext.java:256)
        at org.jboss.threads.ContextHandler$1.runWith(ContextHandler.java:18)
        at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor$Task.run(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:2513)
        at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor$ThreadBody.run(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:1538)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:842)
        at org.jboss.threads.JBossThread.run(JBossThread.java:501)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:499)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:480)
        at org.jboss.resteasy.reactive.common.processor.scanning.ResteasyReactiveScanner.scanForApplicationClass(ResteasyReactiveScanner.java:99)
        ... 12 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jacoco/agent/rt/internal_4481564/Offline
        at tn.wecraft.bore.Application.$jacocoInit(Application.java)
        at java.base/java.lang.invoke.BootstrapMethodInvoker.invoke(BootstrapMethodInvoker.java:90)
        at java.base/java.lang.invoke.ConstantBootstraps.makeConstant(ConstantBootstraps.java:72)
        at java.base/java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.linkDynamicConstantImpl(MethodHandleNatives.java:337)
        at java.base/java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.linkDynamicConstant(MethodHandleNatives.java:329)
        at tn.wecraft.bore.Application.<init>(Application.java)
        ... 18 more

已尝试的排查步骤：

验证Quarkus迁移后所有依赖已正确更新
检查pom.xml中的JaCoCo插件配置

补充信息：

迁移前Quarkus版本：2.16
迁移后Quarkus版本：3.6.4
pom.xml中JaCoCo相关配置片段：

<dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-jacoco</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
...
...
<plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <!--suppress UnresolvedMavenProperty -->
                        <argLine>-Dquarkus.test.hang-detection-timeout=10s -Duser.language=en -Duser.region=FR</argLine>
                        <failIfNoTests>false</failIfNoTests>
                        <runOrder>random</runOrder>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*Test.java</include>
                        </includes>
                        <forkedProcessExitTimeoutInSeconds>30</forkedProcessExitTimeoutInSeconds>
                        <systemPropertyVariables>
                            <jacoco-agent.destfile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-ut.exec</jacoco-agent.destfile>
                            <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                            <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                            <user.language>en</user.language>
                            <user.region>FR</user.region>
                        </systemPropertyVariables>
                    </configuration>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>integration-tests</id>
                            <phase>integration-test</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>test</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <!--suppress UnresolvedMavenProperty -->
                                <includes>
                                    <include>**/*IT.java</include>
                                </includes>
                                <systemPropertyVariables>
                                    <jacoco-agent.destfile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-it.exec
                                    </jacoco-agent.destfile>
                                </systemPropertyVariables>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                    <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${maven-jacoco-plugin.version}</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>before-unit-test-execution</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <destFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-ut.exec</destFile>
                                <propertyName>surefire.jacoco.args</propertyName>
                                <exclClassLoaders>*QuarkusClassLoader</exclClassLoaders>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>instrument-ut</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>instrument</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>restore-ut</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>restore-instrumented-classes</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>after-unit-test-execution</id>
                            <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>report</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-ut.exec</dataFile>
                                <outputDirectory>${project.reporting.outputDirectory}/jacoco-ut-coverage-report
                                </outputDirectory>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>after-integration-test-execution</id>
                            <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>report</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-quarkus.exec</dataFile>
                                <outputDirectory>
                                    ${project.reporting.outputDirectory}/jacoco-it-coverage-report
                                </outputDirectory>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>merge-unit-and-integration</id>
                            <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>merge</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <fileSets>
                                    <fileSet>
                                        <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
                                        <includes>
                                            <include>*.exec</include>
                                        </includes>
                                    </fileSet>
                                </fileSets>
                                <destFile>${project.build.directory}/merged.exec</destFile>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>create-merged-report</id>
                            <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>report</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/merged.exec</dataFile>
                                <outputDirectory>
                                    ${project.reporting.outputDirectory}/jacoco-merged-test-coverage-report
                                </outputDirectory>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>check</id>
                            <phase>verify</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>check</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <rules>
                                    <rule implementation="org.jacoco.maven.RuleConfiguration">
                                        <element>BUNDLE</element>
                                        <limits>
                                            <limit implementation="org.jacoco.report.check.Limit">
                                                <counter>INSTRUCTION</counter>
                                                <value>COVEREDRATIO</value>
                                                <minimum>${jacoco.coverage.min}</minimum>
                                            </limit>
                                        </limits>
                                    </rule>
                                </rules>
                                <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/merged.exec</dataFile>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
...

问题原因

错误源于Quarkus dev模式加载了被JaCoCo插桩的主代码类，但quarkus-jacoco依赖的scope是test，dev模式下无法访问JaCoCo agent类。同时现有JaCoCo插件配置中的instrument-ut和restore-ut执行没有限定阶段，导致插桩操作影响了dev模式的构建产物。

解决步骤

1. 限定JaCoCo插桩仅在测试阶段执行

修改jacoco-maven-plugin的instrument-ut和restore-ut执行，指定它们的运行阶段，避免干扰dev模式：

<execution>
    <id>instrument-ut</id>
    <phase>process-test-classes</phase>
    <goals>
        <goal>instrument</goal>
    </goals>
</execution>
<execution>
    <id>restore-ut</id>
    <phase>prepare-package</phase>
    <goals>
        <goal>restore-instrumented-classes</goal>
    </goals>
</execution>

2. 排除dev模式下的JaCoCo类

在Quarkus Maven插件配置中添加排除规则，防止dev模式处理JaCoCo相关类：

<plugin>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
    <extensions>true</extensions>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>build</goal>
                <goal>generate-code</goal>
                <goal>generate-code-tests</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <excludes>
            <exclude>org.jacoco.*</exclude>
        </excludes>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

3. 清理并重新启动dev模式

执行以下命令清理残留的插桩类，确保构建环境干净：

mvn clean
mvn quarkus:dev

4. 确认Quarkus JaCoCo扩展版本兼容性

确保quarkus-jacoco依赖使用Quarkus平台管理的版本，无需手动指定版本号，保持依赖配置如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-jacoco</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Houssem Salem

Quarkus从2.16迁移至3.6.4后JaCoCo报错求助

问题原因 #

解决步骤 #

1. 限定JaCoCo插桩仅在测试阶段执行 #

2. 排除dev模式下的JaCoCo类 #

3. 清理并重新启动dev模式 #