MacBook Pro下VS Code虚拟环境安装mysqlclient失败求助

在VS Code的虚拟环境中安装mysqlclient始终失败，尝试过多种方法仍未解决。我有一个Django项目，因此无法连接MySQL数据库。
设备为2019款MacBook Pro，MySQL已安装并正常运行。

安装时的错误信息：

Collecting mysql
  Downloading mysql-0.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 kB)
Collecting mysqlclient (from mysql)
  Using cached mysqlclient-2.2.1.tar.gz (89 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [27 lines of output]
      Trying pkg-config --exists mysqlclient
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mysqlclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists mariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists libmariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists libmariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/builddjango/capstoneVenv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "/builddjango/capstoneVenv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/builddjango/capstoneVenv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/private/var/folders/f2/kl4ptcws6p7_mn30tn5ktzk00000gn/T/pip-build-env-r64v109l/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 325, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/private/var/folders/f2/kl4ptcws6p7_mn30tn5ktzk00000gn/T/pip-build-env-r64v109l/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 295, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/private/var/folders/f2/kl4ptcws6p7_mn30tn5ktzk00000gn/T/pip-build-env-r64v109l/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 155, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 49, in get_config_posix
        File "<string>", line 28, in find_package_name
      Exception: Can not find valid pkg-config name.
      Specify MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS and MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS env vars manually
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

已尝试的方法：

MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include/mysql" 
MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient" pip3 install -U mysqlclient

pip install --no-cache mysqlclient==2.2.0rc1

brew install pkg-config 
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/mysql-client/lib/pkgconfig"

1. 修正路径适配Intel芯片 #

2019款MacBook Pro是Intel芯片，brew安装的MySQL路径为/usr/local/opt/mysql，你之前设置的PKG_CONFIG_PATH是Apple Silicon芯片的路径，这是核心问题。

先确认路径存在：

ls /usr/local/opt/mysql

激活虚拟环境后，执行以下命令：

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql/lib/pkgconfig"
brew install pkg-config mysql-client
pip install mysqlclient

2. 手动指定编译参数（备选方案） #

如果上述方法无效，直接指定Intel芯片的正确编译路径：

MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/mysql/include" MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient" pip install mysqlclient

3. 安装编译依赖 #

编译mysqlclient需要Xcode命令行工具，执行以下命令安装：

xcode-select --install

安装完成后重新尝试安装mysqlclient。

4. 安装稳定版本 #

若仍有问题，尝试安装mysqlclient稳定版2.2.0：

pip install mysqlclient==2.2.0

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jb1234