EF Core 8执行批量插入时抛出NotSupportedException异常

问题场景 #

在EF Core 8的方法中执行两次插入操作时触发异常：先向Table1添加新记录并保存，接着通过SqlQuery从其他表查询数据，转换为关联Table1的Table3对象集合，调用AddRange插入时抛出异常：System.NotSupportedException: Specified method is not supported.

代码示例 #

_context.Table1.Add(table1obj);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

var path = await _context.Database.SqlQuery<Table2Dto>($$"""
        SELECT...
    """)
    .ToListAsync(cancellationToken: cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

var table3obj = path.ConvertAll(x => new Table3
{
    Name = x.Name,
    OrderNumber = x.OrderNumber,
    Table1RefId = x.Id
});

_context.Table3.AddRange(table3obj);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken: cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

完整错误栈 #

System.NotSupportedException: Specified method is not supported.
   at System.Linq.ThrowHelper.ThrowNotSupportedException()
   at System.Linq.EmptyPartition`1.System.Collections.Generic.ICollection<TElement>.Add(TElement item)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Metadata.Internal.ClrICollectionAccessor`3.AddStandalone(Object collection, Object value)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Metadata.Internal.ClrICollectionAccessor`3.Add(Object entity, Object value, Boolean forMaterialization)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.InternalEntityEntry.AddToCollection(INavigationBase navigationBase, Object value, Boolean forMaterialization)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.NavigationFixer.AddToCollection(InternalEntityEntry entry, INavigationBase navigation, InternalEntityEntry value, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.NavigationFixer.SetReferenceOrAddToCollection(InternalEntityEntry entry, INavigationBase navigation, InternalEntityEntry value, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.NavigationFixer.ToDependentFixup(InternalEntityEntry dependentEntry, InternalEntityEntry principalEntry, IForeignKey foreignKey, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.NavigationFixer.InitialFixup(InternalEntityEntry entry, InternalEntityEntry duplicateEntry, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.NavigationFixer.StateChanged(InternalEntityEntry entry, EntityState oldState, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.InternalEntityEntryNotifier.StateChanged(InternalEntityEntry entry, EntityState oldState, Boolean fromQuery)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.InternalEntityEntry.FireStateChanged(EntityState oldState)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.InternalEntityEntry.SetEntityState(EntityState oldState, EntityState newState, Boolean acceptChanges, Boolean modifyProperties)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.InternalEntityEntry.SetEntityState(EntityState entityState, Boolean acceptChanges, Boolean modifyProperties, Nullable`1 forceStateWhenUnknownKey, Nullable`1 fallbackState)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.EntityGraphAttacher.PaintAction(EntityEntryGraphNode`1 node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.EntityEntryGraphIterator.TraverseGraph[TState](EntityEntryGraphNode`1 node, Func`2 handleNode)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking.Internal.EntityGraphAttacher.AttachGraph(InternalEntityEntry rootEntry, EntityState targetState, EntityState storeGeneratedWithKeySetTargetState, Boolean forceStateWhenUnknownKey)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.SetEntityState(InternalEntityEntry entry, EntityState entityState)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.SetEntityStates(IEnumerable`1 entities, EntityState entityState)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.AddRange(IEnumerable`1 entities)
   at WebSTapp.Server.Repositories.Activities.ActivityRepository.AddPathToActivity(ActivityAssignment asss, String activityId, String dataAreaId, Int32 assignmentId, CancellationToken cancellationToken) in D:\sources\WebST\WebST-v2\WebSTapp\Server\Repositories\Activities\ActivityRepository.cs:line 660
   at WebSTapp.Server.Services.Activities.ActivityService.CreateActivitiesAssignment(ActivitiesAssignmentRequest activitiesAssignmentDto, CancellationToken cancellationToken) in D:\sources\WebST\WebST-v2\WebSTapp\Server\Services\Activities\ActivityService.cs:line 263
   at WebSTapp.Server.Controllers.AssignmentsController.CreateAssignement(ActivitiesAssignmentRequest activitiesAssignmentDto) in D:\sources\WebST\WebST-v2\WebSTapp\Server\Controllers\AssignmentsController.cs:line 65
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ActionMethodExecutor.TaskOfIActionResultExecutor.Execute(ActionContext actionContext, IActionResultTypeMapper mapper, ObjectMethodExecutor executor, Object controller, Object[] arguments)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeActionMethodAsync>g__Awaited|12_0(ControllerActionInvoker invoker, ValueTask`1 actionResultValueTask)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeNextActionFilterAsync>g__Awaited|10_0(ControllerActionInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Rethrow(ActionExecutedContextSealed context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeInnerFilterAsync>g__Awaited|13_0(ControllerActionInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeNextResourceFilter>g__Awaited|25_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResourceExecutedContextSealed context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeFilterPipelineAsync>g__Awaited|20_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware.<Invoke>g__AwaitRequestTask|7_0(Endpoint endpoint, Task requestTask, ILogger logger)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI.SwaggerUIMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext)
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger.SwaggerMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext, ISwaggerProvider swaggerProvider)
   at Hellang.Middleware.ProblemDetails.ProblemDetailsMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)

解决方案 #

从错误栈分析，问题出在EF Core维护导航属性时，尝试向只读集合添加元素导致的。以下是几种可行的解决方法：

• 修正导航属性类型：检查Table1中关联Table3的集合属性，确保不是只读类型。比如将IReadOnlyCollection<Table3>改为可写的ICollection<Table3>：

  // 错误写法
  public IReadOnlyCollection<Table3> Table3s { get; } = new List<Table3>();
  
  // 正确写法
  public ICollection<Table3> Table3s { get; set; } = new List<Table3>();
  

• 手动设置实体状态：绕过EF Core的自动导航修复逻辑，直接将Table3对象的状态设为Added：

  foreach (var item in table3obj)
  {
      _context.Entry(item).State = EntityState.Added;
  }
  await _context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
  

• 分离已跟踪的Table1实体：保存Table1后，将其从上下文跟踪中分离，避免EF Core尝试维护关联关系：

  _context.Table1.Add(table1obj);
  await _context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
  _context.Entry(table1obj).State = EntityState.Detached;
  

• 检查Dto的关联配置：确保Table2Dto没有定义与Table1或Table3相关的导航属性，防止EF Core错误跟踪无关关联。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mysiek44