RabbitMQ连接Celery报错[WinError 10061]原因及解决咨询

报错详情 #

ERROR/MainProcess] consumer: Cannot connect to amqp://local:**@127.0.0.1:5672//: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.
Trying again in 32.00 seconds... (16/100)
[2024-01-06 14:32:06,347: CRITICAL/MainProcess] Unrecoverable error: OperationalError('[WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\connection.py", line 472, in _reraise_as_library_errors
    yield
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\connection.py", line 459, in _ensure_connection
    return retry_over_time(
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\utils\functional.py", line 318, in retry_over_time
    return fun(*args, **kwargs)
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\connection.py", line 934, in _connection_factory
    self._connection = self._establish_connection()
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\connection.py", line 860, in _establish_connection
    conn = self.transport.establish_connection()
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\kombu\transport\pyamqp.py", line 203, in establish_connection
    conn.connect()
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\amqp\connection.py", line 324, in connect
    self.transport.connect()
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\amqp\transport.py", line 129, in connect
    self._connect(self.host, self.port, self.connect_timeout)
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\amqp\transport.py", line 184, in _connect
    self.sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\celery\worker\worker.py", line 202, in start
    self.blueprint.start(self)
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\celery\bootsteps.py", line 116, in start
    step.start(parent)
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\celery\bootsteps.py", line 365, in start
    return self.obj.start()
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\celery\worker\consumer\consumer.py", line 340, in start
    blueprint.start(self)
  File "D:\venvs\mlops_backend_venv\lib\site-packages\celery\bootsteps.py", line 116, in start

错误本质 #

这个错误是TCP连接被主动拒绝，说明Celery无法和指定地址(127.0.0.1:5672)的RabbitMQ服务建立基础网络连接，和交换机、队列的创建权限无关，核心问题出在连接层面。

可能原因及解决办法 #

1. RabbitMQ核心服务未正常启动 #

• 操作：打开Windows服务管理器（运行services.msc），找到RabbitMQ Service，确认状态为「正在运行」。
• 若未运行：手动启动服务，若启动失败，查看事件查看器->Windows日志->应用程序中的RabbitMQ报错，排查启动失败原因（比如依赖的Erlang环境异常）。

2. 5672端口未被RabbitMQ监听 #

• 验证端口：打开命令提示符，执行netstat -ano | findstr :5672。
  • 无输出：说明RabbitMQ未监听该端口。检查RabbitMQ配置文件（默认路径C:\Users\<你的用户名>\AppData\Roaming\RabbitMQ\rabbitmq.conf），确认存在listeners.tcp.default = 5672配置，若没有则添加后重启服务。
  • 有输出：查看PID对应的进程是否为RabbitMQ，若为其他进程，结束该进程后重启RabbitMQ。

3. 防火墙/安全软件拦截连接 #

• 操作：临时关闭Windows防火墙（控制面板->Windows Defender防火墙->启用或关闭Windows Defender防火墙），或添加RabbitMQ和Python进程的入站/出站允许规则；同时关闭第三方杀毒软件，再启动Celery测试连接。

4. 连接URL存在隐藏错误 #

• 检查格式：确保连接URL为amqp://用户名:密码@127.0.0.1:5672/虚拟主机，默认虚拟主机是/，不要遗漏。
• 转义特殊字符：若密码包含@、#、&等特殊字符，需进行URL转义，比如@转成%40，#转成%23。

5. 重置RabbitMQ环境 #

若以上方法无效，彻底重置RabbitMQ：

1. 停止服务：rabbitmq-service stop
2. 重置数据：rabbitmqctl reset
3. 启用管理插件：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
4. 启动服务：rabbitmq-service start
5. 重建用户及权限：

   rabbitmqctl add_user local 你的密码
   rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / local ".*" ".*" ".*"
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Malla Raraju