Spring Boot集成AWS SES时出现javax.mail类找不到异常

问题背景 #

尝试在Spring Boot应用中集成AWS SES邮件服务，已添加以下Maven依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-aws</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.amazonaws</groupId>
    <artifactId>aws-java-sdk-ses</artifactId>
    <version>1.11.505</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
    <version>7.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

运行应用时触发如下错误：

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/mail/MessagingException
    at com.xr.crosscheck.config.SESConfig.javaMailSender(SESConfig.java:38) ~[classes/:na]
    at com.xr.crosscheck.config.SESConfig$$SpringCGLIB$$0.CGLIB$javaMailSender$1(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
    at com.xr.crosscheck.config.SESConfig$$SpringCGLIB$$FastClass$$1.invoke(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:258) ~[spring-core-6.1.2.jar:6.1.2]
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:331) ~[spring-context-6.1.2.jar:6.1.2]
    at com.xr.crosscheck.config.SESConfig$$SpringCGLIB$$0.javaMailSender(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:140) ~[spring-beans-6.1.2.jar:6.1.2]
    ... 67 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.mail.MessagingException
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:641) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:188) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:520) ~[na:na]
    ... 78 common frames omitted

配置类代码如下：

@Configuration
public class SESConfig {

    @Value("${cloud.aws.credentials.access-key}")
    private String accessKey;

    @Value("${cloud.aws.credentials.secret-key}")
    private String secretKey;

    @Value("${cloud.aws.region.static}")
    private String region;

    @Bean
    public AmazonSimpleEmailService amazonSimpleEmailService() {
        BasicAWSCredentials credentials = new BasicAWSCredentials(accessKey, secretKey);
        return AmazonSimpleEmailServiceClientBuilder.standard()
                .withCredentials(new AWSStaticCredentialsProvider(credentials))
                .withRegion(Regions.EU_CENTRAL_1)
                .build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public JavaMailSender javaMailSender(AmazonSimpleEmailService amazonSimpleEmailService) {
        return new SimpleEmailServiceJavaMailSender(amazonSimpleEmailService);
    }
}

问题原因与解决方案 #

核心原因 #

1. javax.mail.MessagingException类缺失：javaee-web-api依赖的scope是provided，不会被打包到应用中；且Spring Boot 3.x（从spring-core-6.1.2版本判断）基于Jakarta EE，原javax包已替换为jakarta包。
2. 依赖版本不兼容：旧版spring-cloud-starter-aws（2.1.0.RELEASE）和AWS SDK v1（1.11.x）与Spring Boot 3.x适配性差。

解决步骤 #

• 步骤1：替换邮件依赖
  移除javaee-web-api依赖，添加Jakarta Mail依赖：

  <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
      <artifactId>jakarta.mail</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.1</version>
  </dependency>
  

• 步骤2：替换AWS相关依赖
  移除原有的spring-cloud-starter-aws和aws-java-sdk-ses，添加适配Spring Boot 3.x的AWS SDK v2依赖：

  <dependency>
      <groupId>software.amazon.awssdk</groupId>
      <artifactId>ses</artifactId>
      <version>2.25.0</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
      <groupId>io.awspring.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-aws-starter-ses</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.0</version>
  </dependency>
  

• 步骤3：调整配置类适配AWS SDK v2

  @Configuration
  public class SESConfig {
  
      @Value("${cloud.aws.credentials.access-key}")
      private String accessKey;
  
      @Value("${cloud.aws.credentials.secret-key}")
      private String secretKey;
  
      @Value("${cloud.aws.region.static}")
      private String region;
  
      @Bean
      public SesClient sesClient() {
          AwsBasicCredentials credentials = AwsBasicCredentials.create(accessKey, secretKey);
          return SesClient.builder()
                  .credentialsProvider(StaticCredentialsProvider.create(credentials))
                  .region(Region.of(region))
                  .build();
      }
  
      @Bean
      public JavaMailSender javaMailSender(SesClient sesClient) {
          return new SimpleEmailServiceJavaMailSender(sesClient);
      }
  }
  

• 步骤4：确认配置文件
  确保application.properties或application.yml中的AWS配置正确：

  cloud.aws.credentials.access-key=你的AWS访问密钥
  cloud.aws.credentials.secret-key=你的AWS私有密钥
  cloud.aws.region.static=eu-central-1
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SERKAN AYDOGDU