如何在本地HTTPS环境运行ASP.NET Core MVC网页并修复CSS失效

我使用Visual Studio 2022创建了.NET 6.0的ASP.NET Core MVC Web应用，将配置改为非HTTPS URL时可正常运行，但该应用最终需在QA及生产环境以HTTPS运行，且我不使用IIS。若将launchsettings.json配置为使用HTTPS（端口44337），访问https://localhost:44337时会出现如下错误：

此站点的连接不安全
localhost发送了无效响应。
尝试运行Windows网络诊断。
ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR

launchSettings.json 文件内容 #

{
  "profiles": {
    "MicroGraphicsMVC": {
      "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:44337",
      "commandName": "Project",
      "dotnetRunMessages": true,
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      },
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "sslPort": 44337
    }
  }
}

Program.cs 文件内容 #

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

////configure listening port
builder.WebHost.ConfigureKestrel(options => options.Listen(IPAddress.Any, 44337));

// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();

//add Dependency Injection for our objects
builder.Services.AddScoped<IMicroGraphics, MicroGraphicsRepo>();

var app = builder.Build();

// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
    app.UseHsts();
}

//app.UseHttpsRedirection();
//app.UseStaticFiles();

app.UseRouting();

//app.UseAuthorization();

app.MapControllerRoute(
    name: "default",
    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

app.Run();

请问如何让我的网页在本地以HTTPS运行？

补充：按照王先生的建议处理后，错误不再出现，但网页的CSS/样式失效，效果如下：

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者WorkJ