PowerShell无法识别目录名中的弯引号，替换直引号失败求助

问题背景 #

需要将读取到的目录名字符串中的弯引号（’、“、”）替换为直引号（'、"），仅用于后续字符串处理，无需重命名目录。测试用目录结构：

D:\Test
    Double Left “ Quote
    Double Right ” Quote
    Single ’ Quote

测试代码：

$count = 0

Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath 'D:\test' -Directory |
ForEach-Object {

    $name = $_.Name

    Write-Host $name

    if ($name.Contains("’")) {
        Write-Host "Single Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace("’","'")
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }
    if ($name.Contains('“')) {
        Write-Host "Double Left Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace('“','"')
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }
    if ($name.Contains('”')) {
        Write-Host "Double Right Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace('”','"')
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }

    $count += 1

}

Write-Host $count

运行结果：

C:\Users\brian.w.williams> . 'C:\Users\brian.w.williams\Desktop\Test.ps1'
Double Left “ Quote
Double Right ” Quote
Single ’ Quote
3

代码无法识别目录名中的弯引号，但手动创建的字符串变量可正常替换，环境为PowerShell 7 + Windows 10 x64。

解决方法 #

1. 使用Unicode编码精准匹配字符 #

Windows文件系统中的弯引号可能存在Unicode编码变体，直接写字符可能出现匹配失败。改用Unicode转义序列指定目标字符，匹配更可靠：

$count = 0

Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath 'D:\test' -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
    $name = $_.Name
    Write-Host $name

    # 匹配单弯引号（U+2019）
    if ($name -match [regex]::Escape([char]0x2019)) {
        Write-Host "Single Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace [regex]::Escape([char]0x2019), "'"
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }
    # 匹配左双弯引号（U+201C）
    if ($name -match [regex]::Escape([char]0x201C)) {
        Write-Host "Double Left Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace [regex]::Escape([char]0x201C), '"'
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }
    # 匹配右双弯引号（U+201D）
    if ($name -match [regex]::Escape([char]0x201D)) {
        Write-Host "Double Right Curly Quote: $name"
        $name = $name -replace [regex]::Escape([char]0x201D), '"'
        Write-Host "Fixed: $name"
    }

    $count += 1
}

Write-Host $count

2. 简化批量替换逻辑 #

可以通过映射表一次性替换所有目标弯引号，减少冗余判断：

$count = 0

# 定义弯引号与直引号的映射关系
$quoteMap = @{
    [char]0x2019 = "'"  # 单弯引号
    [char]0x201C = '"'  # 左双弯引号
    [char]0x201D = '"'  # 右双弯引号
}

Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath 'D:\test' -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
    $name = $_.Name
    Write-Host "Original: $name"

    # 遍历映射表完成替换
    foreach ($char in $quoteMap.Keys) {
        $name = $name -replace [regex]::Escape($char), $quoteMap[$char]
    }

    Write-Host "Fixed: $name`n"
    $count += 1
}

Write-Host "Total processed: $count"

3. 验证字符实际编码 #

如果以上方法仍无效，可先输出目录名中每个字符的Unicode编码，确认目标字符的真实编码值：

Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath 'D:\test' -Directory | ForEach-Object {
    Write-Host "`nChecking: $($_.Name)"
    $_.Name.ToCharArray() | ForEach-Object {
        Write-Host "Character: '$_' | Unicode: U+$([int]$_).ToString('X4')"
    }
}

根据输出的编码值，替换代码中对应的Unicode转义序列即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者BW_Wyo