如何解决单元测试中LNK1104无法打开process.obj文件的错误？

在进行C++单元测试时遇到LNK1104错误，提示无法打开文件"process.obj"，错误路径为C:\Users\Vladimir\source\repos\ConsoleApplication35\unit-test-project\LINK。

相关代码如下：

unit-test-project.cpp #

#include "pch.h"
#include "../ConsoleApplication35/processing.h"
#include "../ConsoleApplication35/book_subscription.h"
#include "../ConsoleApplication35/file_reader.h"
#include "CppUnitTest.h"
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
using namespace Microsoft::VisualStudio::CppUnitTestFramework;

namespace unittestproject
{
    TEST_CLASS(unittestproject)
    {
    public:
        TEST_METHOD(TestCalculateAverageWindSpeedInMonth)
        {
            // 创建风数据向量
            vector<WindInfo> data = {
                { 1, 1, "West", 6.2 },
                { 2, 1, "NorthWest", 4.5 },
                { 3, 1, "North", 3.8 },
                { 4, 1, "East", 7.1 },
                { 5, 1, "South", 5.4 },
                { 6, 1, "SouthWest", 2.9 },
                { 7, 1, "West", 6.8 },
                { 8, 1, "North", 3.3 },
                { 9, 1, "NorthWest", 5.7 },
                { 10, 1, "East", 4.9 }
            };

            // 计算1月的平均风速
            double averageSpeed = calculateAverageWindSpeedInMonth(data, 1);

            // 验证平均风速计算是否正确，精度0.01
            Assert::AreEqual(5.26, averageSpeed, 0.01);
        }
    };
}

processing.h #

#ifndef PROCESSING_H
#define PROCESSING_H

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "book_subscription.h"

double calculateAverageWindSpeedInMonth(const std::vector<WindInfo>& data, int month);
std::vector<WindInfo> readDataFromFile(const std::string& filename);

#endif  // PROCESSING_H

book_subscription.h #

#ifndef BOOK_SUBSCRIPTION_H
#define BOOK_SUBSCRIPTION_H

#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct WindInfo {
    int day;
    int month;
    string direction;
    double speed;
};

bool isWindInDirections(const WindInfo& windInfo);

bool isWindSpeedGreaterThan5(const WindInfo& windInfo);

void shakerSortBySpeed(std::vector<WindInfo>& data);

void mergeSortByDirection(std::vector<WindInfo>& data, int start, int end);

void merge(std::vector<WindInfo>& data, int start, int mid, int end);

#endif  // BOOK_SUBSCRIPTION_H

process.cpp #

#include "processing.h"
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

double calculateAverageWindSpeedInMonth(const std::vector<WindInfo>& data, int month) {
    double sum = 0.0;
    int count = 0;

    for (const WindInfo& wind : data) {
        if (wind.month == month) {
            sum += wind.speed;
            count++;
        }
    }

    if (count > 0) {
        return sum / count;
    }
    else {
        return 0.0;
    }
}

std::vector<WindInfo> readDataFromFile(const std::string& filename) {
    std::vector<WindInfo> data;
    std::ifstream file(filename);

    if (!file) {
        std::cerr << "文件打开错误: " << filename << std::endl;
        return data;
    }

    std::string line;
    while (std::getline(file, line)) {
        std::istringstream iss(line);
        WindInfo wind;

        if (!(iss >> wind.day >> wind.month >> wind.direction >> wind.speed)) {
            std::cerr << "文件数据读取错误: " << filename << std::endl;
            return data;
        }

        data.push_back(wind);
    }

    return data;
}

data.txt #

1 1 West 6.2
2 1 NorthWest 4.5
3 1 North 3.8
4 1 East 7.1
5 1 South 5.4
6 1 SouthWest 2.9
7 1 West 6.8
8 1 North 3.3
9 1 NorthWest 5.7
10 1 East 4.9

LNK1104错误的核心是链接器找不到process.obj，这是因为单元测试项目没有正确编译或关联process.cpp文件，按以下步骤修复：

1. 将process.cpp添加到单元测试项目 #

• 在Visual Studio的解决方案资源管理器中，右键点击unit-test-project
• 选择添加 -> 现有项，导航到ConsoleApplication35目录下的process.cpp，添加到测试项目
• 右键点击测试项目，选择生成，确认process.obj能正常生成

2. 设置项目依赖 #

• 右键点击unit-test-project，选择属性
• 切换到项目依赖选项卡，勾选主项目ConsoleApplication35，确保主项目先于测试项目编译
• 进入链接器 -> 输入，检查是否存在无效的附加依赖项，如有则删除

3. 清理并重新生成解决方案 #

• 点击菜单栏生成 -> 清理解决方案，清除所有旧的编译文件
• 再点击生成 -> 重新生成解决方案，强制重新编译所有项目

4. 验证文件属性与路径 #

• 检查process.cpp的属性，确保项类型设置为C/C++编译器
• 确认测试项目中#include "../ConsoleApplication35/processing.h"的路径正确，主项目的processing.h和process.cpp文件名无拼写错误

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Vova Leksakov