Github Actions报错：Input required and not supplied: image 求助

架构老林

2026-7-2

解决Github Actions部署Amazon ECS时的"Input required and not supplied: image"错误

问题场景

使用Github Actions部署Amazon ECS时触发错误：

Error: Input required and not supplied: image

原始Workflow配置如下：

name: Deploy to Amazon ECS

on:
  push:
    tags:
      - '*'
env:
  AWS_REGION: ap-southeast-1                   
  ECR_REPOSITORY: web  
  ECS_SERVICE: social-media-app              
  ECS_CLUSTER: dev-cluster            
  ECS_TASK_DEFINITION: .aws/task-definition.json
  CONTAINER_NAME: social-media-app  
  
defaults:
  run:
    shell: bash

jobs:
  build:
    name: build image and push 
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      packages: write
      contents: read
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Set Tag Number
        id: tag-number
        run: echo ::set-output name=tag::${GITHUB_REF#refs/*/}

      - name: Check Tag Release
        env:
          RELEASE_VERSION: ${{ steps.tag-number.outputs.tag }}
        run: |
          echo $RELEASE_VERSION
          echo ${{ steps.vars.outputs.tag }}

      - name: Configure AWS credentials
        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v1
        with:
          aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
          aws-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          aws-region: ${{ env.AWS_REGION }}

      - name: Login to Amazon ECR
        id: login-ecr
        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v1

      - name: Build, tag, and push image to Amazon ECR
        id: build-image
        env:
          ECR_REGISTRY: ${{ steps.login-ecr.outputs.registry }}
          IMAGE_TAG: ${{ steps.tag-number.outputs.tag }}
        run: |
          docker build --file ./Dockerfile -t $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG .
          docker push $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG
          echo "::set-output name=image::$ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG"

  deploy-backend:
      name: deploy image
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      needs: build
      steps:
        - name: Checkout
          uses: actions/checkout@v2
  
        - name: Fill in the new image ID in the Amazon ECS task definition
          id: task-def
          uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecs-render-task-definition@v1
          with:
            task-definition: ${{ env.ECS_TASK_DEFINITION }}
            container-name: ${{ env.CONTAINER_NAME }}
            image: ${{ needs.build.outputs.image }}
  
        - name: Deploy Amazon ECS task definition
          uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecs-deploy-task-definition@v1
          with:
            task-definition: ${{ steps.task-def.outputs.task-definition }}
            service: ${{ env.ECS_SERVICE }}
            cluster: ${{ env.ECS_CLUSTER }}
            wait-for-service-stability: false

尝试添加以下配置但未解决问题：

outputs:
      # Define the output variable 'image' for use in other jobs
      image: ${{ steps.image-out.outputs.image }}

错误原因

Build任务未暴露输出变量：build-image步骤虽尝试输出镜像地址，但未在build job层面定义outputs，导致deploy-backend任务无法通过needs.build.outputs.image获取值。
无效的输出引用：尝试添加的outputs配置中，引用了不存在的steps.image-out步骤（实际步骤ID为build-image），无法正确关联输出。
弃用的输出语法：使用了已被Github Actions弃用的::set-output命令，应替换为当前推荐的$GITHUB_OUTPUT方式。

修复步骤

步骤1：在Build Job中定义Outputs

在build job下添加outputs字段，将build-image步骤的输出作为整个job的输出：

jobs:
  build:
    name: build image and push 
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      packages: write
      contents: read
    # 新增：定义job输出
    outputs:
      image: ${{ steps.build-image.outputs.image }}
    steps:
      # ... 其他步骤保持不变

步骤2：替换为新的输出语法

将build-image步骤中的旧输出命令替换为新语法：

- name: Build, tag, and push image to Amazon ECR
  id: build-image
  env:
    ECR_REGISTRY: ${{ steps.login-ecr.outputs.registry }}
    IMAGE_TAG: ${{ steps.tag-number.outputs.tag }}
  run: |
    docker build --file ./Dockerfile -t $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG .
    docker push $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG
    # 替换旧语法为新的输出方式
    echo "image=$ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

步骤3：同步Set Tag Number步骤的输出语法

同样将Set Tag Number步骤的旧语法替换为新方式：

- name: Set Tag Number
  id: tag-number
  run: echo "tag=${GITHUB_REF#refs/*/}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

完整修复后的Workflow配置

name: Deploy to Amazon ECS

on:
  push:
    tags:
      - '*'
env:
  AWS_REGION: ap-southeast-1                   
  ECR_REPOSITORY: web  
  ECS_SERVICE: social-media-app              
  ECS_CLUSTER: dev-cluster            
  ECS_TASK_DEFINITION: .aws/task-definition.json
  CONTAINER_NAME: social-media-app  
  
defaults:
  run:
    shell: bash

jobs:
  build:
    name: build image and push 
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      packages: write
      contents: read
    # 定义job输出，供后续deploy任务使用
    outputs:
      image: ${{ steps.build-image.outputs.image }}
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Set Tag Number
        id: tag-number
        run: echo "tag=${GITHUB_REF#refs/*/}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: Check Tag Release
        env:
          RELEASE_VERSION: ${{ steps.tag-number.outputs.tag }}
        run: |
          echo $RELEASE_VERSION
          # 移除无效的vars步骤引用
          # echo ${{ steps.vars.outputs.tag }}

      - name: Configure AWS credentials
        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v1
        with:
          aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
          aws-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          aws-region: ${{ env.AWS_REGION }}

      - name: Login to Amazon ECR
        id: login-ecr
        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v1

      - name: Build, tag, and push image to Amazon ECR
        id: build-image
        env:
          ECR_REGISTRY: ${{ steps.login-ecr.outputs.registry }}
          IMAGE_TAG: ${{ steps.tag-number.outputs.tag }}
        run: |
          docker build --file ./Dockerfile -t $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG .
          docker push $ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG
          echo "image=$ECR_REGISTRY/$ECR_REPOSITORY:$IMAGE_TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

  deploy-backend:
      name: deploy image
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      needs: build
      steps:
        - name: Checkout
          uses: actions/checkout@v2
  
        - name: Fill in the new image ID in the Amazon ECS task definition
          id: task-def
          uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecs-render-task-definition@v1
          with:
            task-definition: ${{ env.ECS_TASK_DEFINITION }}
            container-name: ${{ env.CONTAINER_NAME }}
            image: ${{ needs.build.outputs.image }}
  
        - name: Deploy Amazon ECS task definition
          uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecs-deploy-task-definition@v1
          with:
            task-definition: ${{ steps.task-def.outputs.task-definition }}
            service: ${{ env.ECS_SERVICE }}
            cluster: ${{ env.ECS_CLUSTER }}
            wait-for-service-stability: false

额外注意点

移除了Check Tag Release步骤中无效的steps.vars.outputs.tag引用，避免日志报错。
确保task-definition.json路径正确，且容器名称与CONTAINER_NAME环境变量完全匹配。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ryan

Github Actions报错：Input required and not supplied: image 求助

问题场景 #

错误原因 #

修复步骤 #

步骤1：在Build Job中定义Outputs #

步骤2：替换为新的输出语法 #

步骤3：同步Set Tag Number步骤的输出语法 #

完整修复后的Workflow配置 #

额外注意点 #