Python嵌套字典列表操作：删除指定键与提取text键值

用递归遍历嵌套结构是最直接的方案，能处理任意层级的字典和列表：

def remove_key(data, target_key):
    if isinstance(data, dict):
        # 转成列表遍历，避免修改字典时触发迭代错误
        for key in list(data.keys()):
            if key == target_key:
                del data[key]
            else:
                remove_key(data[key], target_key)
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        for item in data:
            remove_key(item, target_key)
    return data

# 示例用法
nested_data = [{"a": 1, "b": 2}, {"c": {"b": 3}, "d": [{"b": 4}]}]
result = remove_key(nested_data, "b")
print(result)
# 输出: [{'a': 1}, {'c': {}, 'd': [{}]}]

这个函数会逐层检查每个元素：碰到字典就删除目标键，再递归处理剩余值；碰到列表就逐个递归处理内部元素，确保所有层级的目标键都被清理。

用递归遍历按访问顺序收集结果，能完美保留原JSON的顺序：

import json

def extract_text(data, result=None):
    if result is None:
        result = []
    if isinstance(data, dict):
        # 碰到"text"键就把值加入结果列表
        if "text" in data:
            result.append(data["text"])
        # 递归处理字典的所有值
        for value in data.values():
            extract_text(value, result)
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        # 递归处理列表中的每个元素
        for item in data:
            extract_text(item, result)
    return result

# 解析API返回的JSON字符串
json_str = '''
{
    "version": 1,
    "type": "doc",
    "content": [
        {
            "type": "paragraph",
            "content": [
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "ABC - 1234"
                },
                {
                    "type": "hardBreak"
                },
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "EFG - 648"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "paragraph",
            "content": [
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "Above EFG is a reissue of 4 payments, that status is at Issued/Requested. "
                },
                {
                    "type": "hardBreak"
                },
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "This payment has not been issued & an payfac file has not been produced. "
                },
                {
                    "type": "hardBreak"
                },
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "Please can you:"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "bulletList",
            "content": [
                {
                    "type": "listItem",
                    "content": [
                        {
                            "type": "paragraph",
                            "content": [
                                {
                                    "type": "text",
                                    "text": "explain what the status \"Issue/Requesed\" means"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "type": "listItem",
                    "content": [
                        {
                            "type": "paragraph",
                            "content": [
                                {
                                    "type": "text",
                                    "text": "explain how this status occured"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "type": "listItem",
                    "content": [
                        {
                            "type": "paragraph",
                            "content": [
                                {
                                    "type": "text",
                                    "text": "would there be any reconcilation issues if I was to change the status to \"Paid/None\" on 1-Jan?"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "paragraph",
            "content": [
                {
                    "type": "text",
                    "text": "Thank you."
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}
'''

data = json.loads(json_str)
text_list = extract_text(data)
for text in text_list:
    print(text)

运行后会按原JSON的顺序输出所有"text"值：

ABC - 1234
EFG - 648
Above EFG is a reissue of 4 payments, that status is at Issued/Requested. 
This payment has not been issued & an payfac file has not been produced. 
Please can you:
explain what the status "Issue/Requesed" means
explain how this status occured
would there be any reconcilation issues if I was to change the status to "Paid/None" on 1-Jan?
Thank you.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user391014