.NET Core 8.0中Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel适配Excel 2016失败问题

环境：Visual Studio 2022 + Microsoft Office 2016
操作步骤：

1. 控制台项目中安装了Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel NuGet包
2. 手动添加了Microsoft.Excel 16.0 Object Library引用
3. 类中添加using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;语句
   现象：编译无报错，运行时触发中断模式，抛出错误：

System.IO.FileNotFoundException: 'Could not load file or assembly 'office, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c'. The system cannot find the file specified.'

程序代码：

using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

class ExcelInteropExample
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // 创建Excel应用实例
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Application app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Workbook workbook = app.Workbooks.Add(Type.Missing);
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet worksheet = null;
        worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet)workbook.Sheets["Sheet1"];
        worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet)workbook.ActiveSheet;
        worksheet.Name = "Exported from DataTable";

        // 创建并填充测试用DataTable
        System.Data.DataTable Dt = new System.Data.DataTable();
        Dt.Columns.Add("Column1", typeof(string));
        Dt.Columns.Add("Column2", typeof(int));

        // 添加测试数据
        Dt.Rows.Add("Data1", 1);
        Dt.Rows.Add("Data2", 2);

        // 将DataTable数据写入Excel工作表
        for (int i = 0; i < Dt.Rows.Count; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < Dt.Columns.Count; j++)
            {
                worksheet.Cells[i + 1, j + 1] = Dt.Rows[i][j].ToString();
            }
        }

        // 保存工作簿
        workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Downloads\\ExcelInteropExample.xlsx", XlFileFormat.xlWorkbookNormal, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    }
}

• 清理重复引用：同时安装NuGet包和手动添加COM引用会导致版本冲突。直接移除项目中手动添加的Microsoft.Excel 16.0 Object Library引用，仅保留NuGet安装的Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel包即可。
• 补全Office组件：确保Office 2016是完整安装状态，尤其是Office共享组件。若存在缺失，可通过Office安装程序选择修复，或重新安装时勾选“Office共享功能”下的所有相关选项。
• 添加版本绑定重定向：在项目的App.config文件中加入以下配置，让程序自动适配已安装的Office组件版本：

<configuration>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="office" publicKeyToken="71e9bce111e9429c" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-16.0.0.0" newVersion="16.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
</configuration>

• 对齐目标平台：Office 2016分32位和64位版本，需确保项目的目标平台（x86/x64/Any CPU）与Office安装版本一致。在Visual Studio中右键项目→属性→生成→目标平台，选择对应架构即可。
• 释放Excel进程资源：当前代码未释放Excel资源，虽不是本次报错的直接原因，但会导致进程残留占用内存，建议在代码末尾添加以下释放逻辑：

// 释放Excel资源
workbook.Close(false);
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(worksheet);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
worksheet = null;
workbook = null;
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Joe