Robot Framework执行Close All Browsers报NewConnectionError WinError 10061求助

问题详情 #

执行Close All Browsers关键字时出现连接拒绝错误，错误日志如下：

DEBUG : Closing all browsers.
DEBUG : DELETE http://127.0.0.1:50158/session/729684d022e2dd5a3b605c08363498a2 {}
DEBUG : Resetting dropped connection: 127.0.0.1
DEBUG : Incremented Retry for (url='/session/729684d022e2dd5a3b605c08363498a2'): Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)
WARN : Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x00000261F85F9508>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] Unable to connect because the target computer is refusing the connection.')': /session/729684d022e2dd5a3b605c08363498a2
DEBUG : Starting new HTTP connection (2): 127.0.0.1:50158
DEBUG : Incremented Retry for (url='/session/729684d022e2dd5a3b605c08363498a2'): Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)
WARN : Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x00000261F86A5D88>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] Unable to connect because the target computer is refusing the connection.')': /session/729684d022e2dd5a3b605c08363498a2
...
20240119 15:31:59.385 : DEBUG : Finished Request

已排查：Windows防火墙/代理无异常、浏览器驱动版本匹配且能正常启动浏览器、Selenium v3.141.0 + Robot Framework v4.0版本兼容、目标端口未被占用，但问题仍存在。

可行解决方案 #

• 检查浏览器会话是否提前终止
  在执行Close All Browsers前，先用Get Window Handles确认是否存在活跃窗口，或通过Process Library的Process Is Running检查浏览器进程（如chrome.exe、firefox.exe）是否存活。若进程已不存在，直接跳过Close All Browsers操作，避免无效的连接请求。

• 显式设置连接超时与重试策略
  初始化浏览器时增加超时参数：Open Browser ${URL} ${BROWSER} timeout=5；若使用Python环境，可修改urllib3的重试配置，减少重试次数（比如将total设为0），避免反复尝试连接已失效的会话。

• 强制终止浏览器进程
  若会话已失效，直接用Process Library的Kill Process关键字强制关闭所有浏览器进程，再执行后续清理操作。示例：

  *** Settings ***
  Library    Process
  
  *** Test Cases ***
  Cleanup Browsers
      Kill Process    chrome.exe    ignore_non_existent=True
      Kill Process    chromedriver.exe    ignore_non_existent=True
  

• 改用独立Selenium Server管理会话
  手动启动Selenium Server（如java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar），在测试脚本中指定远程连接地址：Open Browser ${URL} ${BROWSER} remote_url=http://localhost:4444/wd/hub，便于监控服务器状态，避免驱动进程意外崩溃导致的连接问题。

• 清理浏览器临时数据
  初始化浏览器时指定临时用户数据目录，确保每次测试环境干净：

  Open Browser    ${URL}    Chrome    chrome_options=add_argument("--user-data-dir=C:/Temp/ChromeTestProfile")
  

  测试结束后删除该临时目录，避免残留缓存干扰后续会话。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kai Fang