执行dotnet ef脚手架命令时遇'无法检索项目元数据'错误

项目路径：C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj

执行以下dotnet ef命令时出现错误：

dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold "<well-formed connection string>" Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer --data-annotations --use-database-names --output-dir Entities --namespace App.Core.DataLayer.Entities --context-namespace App.Core.DataLayer

错误信息：

C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj : error : Could not resolve SDK "Microsoft.NET.Sdk". Exactly one of the probing messages below indicates why we could not resolve the SDK. Investigate and resolve that message to correctly specify the SDK.
C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj : error : SDK resolver "Microsoft.DotNet.MSBuildWorkloadSdkResolver" returned null.
C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj : error : The NuGetSdkResolver did not resolve this SDK because there was no version specified in the project or global.json.
C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj : error : MSB4276: The default SDK resolver failed to resolve SDK "Microsoft.NET.Sdk" because directory "C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.302\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk\Sdk" did not exist.
C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj : error MSB4236: The SDK 'Microsoft.NET.Sdk' specified could not be found.
Unable to retrieve project metadata. Ensure it's an SDK-style project. If you're using a custom BaseIntermediateOutputPath or MSBuildProjectExtensionsPath values, Use the --msbuildprojectextensionspath option.

已尝试操作：

• 修复.NET 8.0 SDK
• 在项目根目录配置指定8.0.101版本的global.json

当前环境信息：执行dotnet --version返回8.0.101

2024年1月26日更新 #

按照错误提示安装.NET 7.0.302版本后，重新执行命令出现构建失败，执行dotnet build时的错误信息：

MSBuild version 17.8.3+195e7f5a3 for .NET
  Determining projects to restore...
C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.302\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk\targets\Microsoft.NET.TargetFrameworkInference.targets(151,5): error NETSDK1045: The current .NET SDK does not support targeting .NET 8.0.  Either target .NET 7.0 or lower, or use a version of the .NET SDK that supports .NET 8.0. [C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj]

Build FAILED.

C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.302\Sdks\Microsoft.NET.Sdk\targets\Microsoft.NET.TargetFrameworkInference.targets(151,5): error NETSDK1045: The current .NET SDK does not support targeting .NET 8.0.  Either target .NET 7.0 or lower, or use a version of the .NET SDK that supports .NET 8.0. [C:\Source\local\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore\EntityFrameworkCore.csproj]
    0 Warning(s)
    1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:00.54

已安装的SDK版本（执行dotnet --list-sdks输出）：

1.1.14 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
6.0.418 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
7.0.302 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
8.0.101 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

系统环境PATH变量已包含C:\Program Files\dotnet，但dotnet build仍默认使用7.0.302版本，添加指定8.0.101版本的global.json后问题依旧，寻求解决办法。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jason Ayer