Android单元测试报错：无法找到mockito-kotlin:2.2.0依赖

错误详情 #

运行Android Mock测试时，任务:app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugUnitTestKotlin执行失败，提示无法解析:app:debugUnitTestCompileClasspath配置的所有文件，找不到org.mockito.kotlin:mockito-kotlin:2.2.0依赖。

原配置文件 #

build.gradle(:app) #

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android'
    id 'kotlin-parcelize'
    id 'kotlin-kapt'
    id 'com.google.dagger.hilt.android'
    id 'kotlin-android'
}

android {
    namespace 'com.example.resturants'
    compileSdk 34

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.resturants"
        minSdk 24
        targetSdk 34
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = '17'
    }

    buildFeatures {
        viewBinding true
    }

    dataBinding {
        enabled = true
    }
    kapt {
        generateStubs = true
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.8.0'
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.5.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.5'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.5.1'
    //navigation
    def navigation_version = "2.7.5"
    implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:$navigation_version"
    //Add viewmodel library
    def lifecycle_version = "2.7.0-rc01"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
    kapt "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version"
    //Add coroutine library
    def coroutine_version = '1.4.2'
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:$coroutine_version"
    testImplementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-test:$coroutine_version"

    // retrofit
    def retrofit_version = "2.9.0"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:$retrofit_version"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:$retrofit_version"

    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"

    // Location Services
    def location_version = "21.0.1"
    implementation "com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:$location_version"

    //hilt
    implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:$hilt_version"
    kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:$hilt_version"

    //Glide
    def glide_version = "4.16.0"
    implementation "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$glide_version"

    //core:arch:testing
    def core_arch_test_version = "2.2.0"
    testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$core_arch_test_version"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$core_arch_test_version"

    //mock webserver
    def mock_web_server_version = "4.12.0"
    testImplementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:$mock_web_server_version"

    //mockito
    def mockito_version = "3.6.0"
    def mockito_kotlin_version = "2.2.0"
    testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-core:$mockito_version"
    testImplementation "org.mockito.kotlin:mockito-kotlin:$mockito_kotlin_version"

    //turbine
    def turbine_version = "1.0.0"
    testImplementation "app.cash.turbine:turbine:$turbine_version"
}

build.gradle(Project) #

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = "1.7.20"
    ext.hilt_version = "2.42"
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:$hilt_version"
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

解决步骤 #

1. 替换废弃仓库并添加依赖仓库 #

JCenter已停止维护，mockito-kotlin包托管在MavenCentral。修改项目根目录的build.gradle：

• 将jcenter()替换为mavenCentral()
• 添加allprojects块配置模块依赖的仓库

修改后的build.gradle(Project)：

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = "1.7.20"
    ext.hilt_version = "2.42"
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral() // 替换jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:$hilt_version"
    }
}

// 添加该块，配置模块依赖的仓库
allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

2. 修正Mockito版本兼容性 #

mockito-kotlin:2.2.0要求mockito-core版本至少为3.10.0，原配置中mockito-core:3.6.0版本过低，升级版本：

// mockito
def mockito_version = "3.12.4" // 升级到兼容版本
def mockito_kotlin_version = "2.2.0"
testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-core:$mockito_version"
testImplementation "org.mockito.kotlin:mockito-kotlin:$mockito_kotlin_version"

3. 同步项目并清理缓存 #

• 点击Android Studio右上角的Sync Project with Gradle Files按钮同步项目
• 执行File > Invalidate Caches... > Invalidate and Restart清理缓存并重启IDE

验证 #

同步完成后重新运行Mock测试，任务:app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugUnitTestKotlin应能正常执行，依赖可成功解析。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Aniket Nath