Unity 2018.4打包安卓报错：targetSdk31+需显式定义android:exported

问题情况 #

使用Unity 2018.4.36f1版本通过Build & Run功能打包并安装应用到Android设备时失败，报错CommandInvokationFailure，核心错误指向com.unity.androidnotifications.UnityNotificationRestartOnBootReceiver组件：当应用目标API等级为S+（Android 12/API 31及以上）时，所有包含intent filters的组件必须显式定义android:exported值。已在自定义AndroidManifest.xml中给UnityPlayerActivity添加android:exported="true"，但问题仍未解决。

完整错误日志 #

CommandInvokationFailure: Unable to install APK to device. Please make sure the Android SDK is installed and is properly configured in the Editor. See the Console for more details.
C:/Users/msi/AppData/Local/Android/Sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -s "c8e0d8ba" install -r "C:\Users\msi\Desktop\Unity\Antura_arabic-master\jj.apk"

stderr[
adb: failed to install C:\Users\msi\Desktop\Unity\Antura_arabic-master\jj.apk: Failure [INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED: Failed parse during installPackageLI: /data/app/vmdl1523869641.tmp/base.apk (at Binary XML file line #70): com.unity.androidnotifications.UnityNotificationRestartOnBootReceiver: Targeting S+ (version 31 and above) requires that an explicit value for android:exported be defined when intent filters are present]
]
stdout[
Performing Streamed Install
]
exit code: 1
UnityEditor.Android.Command.WaitForProgramToRun (UnityEditor.Utils.Program p, UnityEditor.Android.Command+WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.Command.Run (System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo psi, UnityEditor.Android.Command+WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.Command.Run (System.String command, System.String args, System.String workingdir, UnityEditor.Android.Command+WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.ADB.RunInternal (System.String[] command, UnityEditor.Android.Command+WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.ADB.Run (System.String[] command, UnityEditor.Android.Command+WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDevice.Exec (System.String[] command, System.String errorMsg) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDevice.Install (System.String apkfile) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDeploymentTargetsExtension+<UploadAPK>c__AnonStorey3.<>m__0 () (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDeploymentTargetsExtension.UploadAPK (UnityEditor.Android.AndroidBuildProperties buildProperties, UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDevice device, UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDeploymentTargetsExtension+LaunchProgressTaskManager taskManager) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDeploymentTargetsExtension+<LaunchBuildOnTarget>c__AnonStorey0.<>m__2 () (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.ProgressTaskManager.Run () (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/Utils/ProgressBarUtils.cs:71)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidDeploymentTargetsExtension.LaunchBuildOnTarget (UnityEditor.DeploymentTargets.IDeploymentTargetsMainThreadContext context, UnityEditor.BuildProperties buildProperties, UnityEditor.DeploymentTargets.DeploymentTargetId targetId, UnityEditor.ProgressHandler progressHandler) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.DeploymentTargets.DeploymentTargetManager.LaunchBuildOnTarget (UnityEditor.BuildProperties buildProperties, UnityEditor.DeploymentTargets.DeploymentTargetId targetId, UnityEditor.ProgressHandler progressHandler) (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/DeploymentTargets/DeploymentTargetManager.cs:45)
UnityEditor.PostprocessBuildPlayer+<LaunchOnTargets>c__AnonStorey1.<>m__0 () (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/BuildPipeline/PostprocessBuildPlayer.cs:210)
UnityEditor.ProgressTaskManager.Run () (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/Utils/ProgressBarUtils.cs:71)
UnityEditor.PostprocessBuildPlayer.LaunchOnTargets (UnityEditor.BuildTargetGroup targetGroup, UnityEditor.BuildTarget buildTarget, UnityEditor.Build.Reporting.BuildReport buildReport, System.Collections.Generic.List`1[T] launchTargets) (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/BuildPipeline/PostprocessBuildPlayer.cs:229)
UnityEditor.Android.PostProcessAndroidPlayer.Launch (UnityEditor.BuildTarget target, System.String installPath, UnityEditor.Build.Reporting.BuildReport report) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidBuildPostprocessor.LaunchPlayer (UnityEditor.Modules.BuildLaunchPlayerArgs args) (at <267278aa48b840c7a0e7281223ea050e>:0)
UnityEditor.PostprocessBuildPlayer.Launch (UnityEditor.BuildTargetGroup targetGroup, UnityEditor.BuildTarget buildTarget, System.String path, System.String productName, UnityEditor.BuildOptions options, UnityEditor.Build.Reporting.BuildReport buildReport) (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Editor/Mono/BuildPipeline/PostprocessBuildPlayer.cs:173)
UnityEngine.GUIUtility:ProcessEvent(Int32, IntPtr) (at C:/buildslave/unity/build/Modules/IMGUI/GUIUtility.cs:179)

自定义AndroidManifest.xml代码 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.eshtaya.alhoroof" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:installLocation="preferExternal">
  <application android:isGame="true" android:icon="@mipmap/app_icon">
    <activity android:name="com.unity3d.player.UnityPlayerActivity" android:theme="@style/UnityThemeSelector" android:exported="true" android:screenOrientation="landscape" android:launchMode="singleTask" android:configChanges="mcc|mnc|locale|touchscreen|keyboard|keyboardHidden|navigation|orientation|screenLayout|uiMode|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|fontScale|layoutDirection|density" android:hardwareAccelerated="false">
      <intent-filter android:exported="true">
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LEANBACK_LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
      <meta-data android:name="unityplayer.UnityActivity" android:value="true" />
    </activity>
    <meta-data android:name="unity.build-id" android:value="3141cadb-28f9-4b2a-aee5-29a9a71789ac" />
    <meta-data android:name="unity.splash-mode" android:value="1" />
    <meta-data android:name="unity.splash-enable" android:value="True" />
  </application>
  <uses-feature android:glEsVersion="0x00020000" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
  <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.touchscreen" android:required="false" />
  <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.touchscreen.multitouch" android:required="false" />
  <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.touchscreen.multitouch.distinct" android:required="false" />
</manifest>

解决方案 #

问题出在Unity Android Notifications插件自动生成的UnityNotificationRestartOnBootReceiver组件上——该组件包含BOOT_COMPLETED的intent filter，但旧版本插件未适配Android 12的android:exported强制要求。需要在自定义AndroidManifest.xml中显式声明该接收器并设置属性：

1. 打开自定义AndroidManifest.xml文件
2. 在<application>标签内部添加以下代码：

<receiver android:name="com.unity.androidnotifications.UnityNotificationRestartOnBootReceiver"
          android:exported="true">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

3. 保存文件后重新打包安装

如果你的Unity Android Notifications插件版本过旧，也可以尝试寻找适配Android 12的更新版本，但由于Unity 2018.4是长期支持旧版本，手动添加上述Manifest配置是更可靠的解决方式。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bader Eshtaya