Mac M2无法通过pip3安装PyAudio及brew命令失效求助

问题描述 #

• 已在Mac M2设备安装Homebrew，但终端执行brew命令提示zsh: command not found: brew
• 通过pip3安装PyAudio时失败，报错找不到portaudio.h文件，尝试用brew install portaudio安装依赖时因brew命令不可用受阻

PyAudio安装错误日志 #

Collecting pyaudio
  Downloading PyAudio-0.2.14.tar.gz (47 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 47.1/47.1 kB 1.9 MB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pyaudio
  Building wheel for pyaudio (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for pyaudio (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [18 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312/pyaudio
      copying src/pyaudio/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312/pyaudio
      running build_ext
      building 'pyaudio._portaudio' extension
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312/src
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312/src/pyaudio
      clang -fno-strict-overflow -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -g -DMACOS=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I/opt/homebrew/include -I/Users/raghavmaurya/Desktop/Github-Work/python/Desktop-Assistant/env/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/include/python3.12 -c src/pyaudio/device_api.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-cpython-312/src/pyaudio/device_api.o
      src/pyaudio/device_api.c:9:10: fatal error: 'portaudio.h' file not found
      #include "portaudio.h"
               ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
      1 error generated.
      error: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pyaudio
Failed to build pyaudio
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pyaudio, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

[notice] A new release of pip is available: 23.2.1 -> 23.3.2
[notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip

brew命令错误日志 #

zsh: command not found: brew

解决步骤 #

1. 修复Homebrew命令路径问题 #

Mac M2为ARM架构，Homebrew默认安装在/opt/homebrew目录，需将其添加到zsh环境变量：

• 打开zsh配置文件：open ~/.zshrc
• 在文件末尾添加：

  export PATH="/opt/homebrew/bin:$PATH"
  export PATH="/opt/homebrew/sbin:$PATH"
  

• 保存后执行source ~/.zshrc使配置生效
• 验证：执行brew --version，能输出版本信息则修复成功

2. 安装PortAudio依赖 #

brew恢复正常后，执行：

brew install portaudio

3. 重新安装PyAudio #

两种方式任选其一：

• 指定PortAudio路径通过pip安装：

  pip3 install pyaudio --global-option='build_ext' --global-option='-I/opt/homebrew/include' --global-option='-L/opt/homebrew/lib'
  

• 直接用brew安装（更简便）：

  brew install pyaudio
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Raghav Coder PY