服务器执行npm run build编译失败，线程池相关错误求助

问题描述 #

部署应用到托管服务器时，执行npm run build出现以下编译错误：

Failed to compile.

./node_modules/next/dist/pages/_app.js
Error: failed to process The global thread pool has not been initialized.: ThreadPoolBuildError { kind: IOError(Os { code: 11, kind: WouldBlock, message: "Resource temporarily unavailable" }) }

./node_modules/next/dist/pages/_document.js
Error: failed to process The global thread pool has not been initialized.: ThreadPoolBuildError { kind: GlobalPoolAlreadyInitialized }

./node_modules/next/dist/pages/_error.js
Error: failed to process The global thread pool has not been initialized.: ThreadPoolBuildError { kind: GlobalPoolAlreadyInitialized }

Import trace for requested module:
./node_modules/next/dist/pages/_error.js

./app/[...uri]/loading.js
Error: failed to process The global thread pool has not been initialized.: ThreadPoolBuildError { kind: GlobalPoolAlreadyInitialized }

Import trace for requested module:
./app/[...uri]/loading.js

./app/[...uri]/page.js
Error: failed to process The global thread pool has not been initialized.: ThreadPoolBuildError { kind: GlobalPoolAlreadyInitialized }

Import trace for requested module:
./app/[...uri]/page.js

本地环境编译正常，已尝试重装node_modules并删除package-lock.json。

解决方法 #

• 限制Node.js线程池大小：在构建命令前添加环境变量，减少线程池并发数避免资源竞争，执行命令：

  NODE_OPTIONS="--uv-threadpool-size=4" npm run build
  

  若服务器内存不足，可同时调整内存限制：

  NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096 --uv-threadpool-size=4" npm run build
  

• 清除Next.js构建缓存：执行命令清除旧缓存后重新构建：

  npx next clean && npm run build
  

• 确保依赖版本一致：同步本地的package-lock.json到服务器，重新安装依赖，保证服务器与本地的Next.js及相关依赖版本完全相同。
• 检查服务器资源：错误中的Resource temporarily unavailable提示服务器CPU或内存不足，可联系托管服务商确认资源限制，或临时升级服务器配置后重试。
• 更换包管理器：若npm构建仍有问题，尝试用pnpm或yarn重新安装依赖并构建：

  # 使用pnpm
  pnpm install && pnpm run build
  # 使用yarn
  yarn install && yarn run build
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dav1104