使用Mongoose创建MongoDB文档时数组被设为undefined问题咨询

在ES6环境下使用Mongoose（版本^7.6.3）向MongoDB插入文档，文档成功生成，但invitedGuestPass数组被设置为[undefined]，而非传入的对象数组。

创建代码 #

Passes.create(
    {
        passDate: '20147',
        invitedGuestPass: [{
            residentId: new mongoose.Types.ObjectId(),
            residentFirstName: 'Jack',
            residentLastName: 'Smith',
            residentEmail: 'urbgfec@gmail.com',
            invitedGuestId: new mongoose.Types.ObjectId(),
            invitedGuestName: request.body.guestName,
            invitedGuestNumber: request.body.guestNumber,
            invitedGuestPassScanned: false,
            invitedGuestPassSent: false
        }]
    }
)
.then((result) => {
    console.log(result);
})
.catch((error) => {
    console.log(error);
})

原Schema定义 #

const mongoose = require("mongoose");

const invitedGuestPassesSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    residentId: {
        type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
        required: [true, "Please provide and ID..."],
        unique: false
    },
    residentFirstName: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please provide the resident's first name..."],
        unique: false
    },
    residentLastName: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please provide the resident's last name..."],
        unique: false
    },
    residentEmail: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please provide the resident's email..."],
        unique: false
    },
    invitedGuestId: {
        type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
        required: [true, "Please provide and ID..."],
        unique: false
    },
    invitedGuestName: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please provide the guest's name..."],
        unique: false
    },
    invitedGuestNumber: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please provide the guest's phone number..."],
        unique: false
    },
    invitedGuestPassScanned: {
        type: Boolean,
        required: [true, "Please provide if the pass has been scanned..."],
        unique: false
    },
    invitedGuestPassSent: {
        type: Boolean,
        required: [true, "Please provide if the pass has been sent..."],
        unique: false
    },
})


const passesSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    passDate: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please give date of visit..."],
        unique: true
    },
    invitedGuestPass: {
        invitedGuestPass: [invitedGuestPassesSchema],
        type: Array,
        required: [true, "Please give list of invited guests..."],
        unique: false
    },
})

module.exports = mongoose.model.Passes || mongoose.model("Passes", passesSchema);

已尝试的无效操作 #

• 将Schema简化为整数数组，传入[1,2,3]仍得到undefined数组；
• 修改passesSchema中invitedGuestPass的type为[invitedGuestPassesSchema]，删除嵌套的invitedGuestPass字段，问题依旧；
• 验证传入的数据确实为数组（Array.isArray返回true）；
• 尝试使用insert、insertOne方法，报错“insert is not a function”。

问题原因及解决方案 #

核心问题 #

passesSchema中invitedGuestPass字段的定义存在结构错误：错误地嵌套了一层同名字段，且数组类型的声明方式不符合Mongoose规范，导致Mongoose无法正确映射传入的数组数据，最终解析为[undefined]。

修正后的Schema #

修改passesSchema中的invitedGuestPass字段定义，直接将类型指定为子Schema数组：

const passesSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    passDate: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, "Please give date of visit..."],
        unique: true
    },
    invitedGuestPass: {
        type: [invitedGuestPassesSchema], // 直接声明为子Schema数组
        required: [true, "Please give list of invited guests..."],
        unique: false
    },
})

额外验证点 #

同时需要确认request.body.guestName和request.body.guestNumber有有效值，若这两个字段为undefined，会触发子Schema的必填校验，可能导致整个对象无法正确存入数组（不过当前问题的核心是Schema结构错误）。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者John