在.NET MAUI类库中添加Xamarin.AndroidX.Biometric引发异常

问题描述 #

在.NET MAUI类库中引入Xamarin.AndroidX.Biometric依赖后，将该类库引用到项目时出现编译失败，核心错误为androidx.collection.ArraySetKt类被重复定义。

错误日志 #

/Users/gulamalihakim/Documents/Personal/Plugin.Maui.Biometric/Plugin.Maui.Biometric/Samples: Error JAVA0000: Error in /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.jvm/1.3.0.2/buildTransitive/net7.0-android33.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-jvm.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class:
Type androidx.collection.ArraySetKt is defined multiple times: /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.jvm/1.3.0.2/buildTransitive/net7.0-android33.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-jvm.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class, /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.ktx/1.2.0.9/buildTransitive/net6.0-android31.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-ktx.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class
Compilation failed
java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.tools.r8.CompilationFailedException: Compilation failed to complete, origin: /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.jvm/1.3.0.2/buildTransitive/net7.0-android33.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-jvm.jar
androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:126)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.main(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:5)
Caused by: com.android.tools.r8.CompilationFailedException: Compilation failed to complete, origin: /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.jvm/1.3.0.2/buildTransitive/net7.0-android33.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-jvm.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class
    at Version.fakeStackEntry(Version_8.1.56.java:0)
    at com.android.tools.r8.M.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:5)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:81)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:32)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:31)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.b(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:2)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:26)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.b(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:13)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:24)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:113)
    ... 1 more
Caused by: com.android.tools.r8.utils.b: Type androidx.collection.ArraySetKt is defined multiple times: /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.jvm/1.3.0.2/buildTransitive/net7.0-android33.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-jvm.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class, /Users/gulamalihakim/.nuget/packages/xamarin.androidx.collection.ktx/1.2.0.9/buildTransitive/net6.0-android31.0/../../jar/androidx.collection.collection-ktx.jar:androidx/collection/ArraySetKt.class
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.O2.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:21)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.O2.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:26)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.A2.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:44)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.A2.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:10)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.merge(ConcurrentHashMap.java:2048)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.A2.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:6)
    at com.android.tools.r8.graph.b4$a.e(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:7)
    at com.android.tools.r8.dex.c.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:58)
    at com.android.tools.r8.dex.c.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:9)
    at com.android.tools.r8.dex.c.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:8)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:29)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.d(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:17)
    at com.android.tools.r8.D8.c(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:1)
    at com.android.tools.r8.utils.R0.a(R8_8.1.56_756d1f50f618dd1c39c000f11defb367a21e9e866e3401b884be16c0950f6f79:28)
    ... 6 more
 (JAVA0000) (Samples) java

原因分析 #

这是典型的AndroidX依赖版本冲突问题：

• Xamarin.AndroidX.Collection.Jvm（1.3.0.2）和Xamarin.AndroidX.Collection.Ktx（1.2.0.9）两个包中都包含了androidx.collection.ArraySetKt类，导致R8编译器在合并DEX文件时检测到重复类定义，终止编译。
• 根源在于AndroidX包的结构调整：后续版本的AndroidX将原属于Ktx包的Kotlin扩展函数迁移到了Jvm包中，而项目中同时引入了旧版Ktx包和新版Jvm包，引发类重叠。
• Xamarin.AndroidX.Biometric作为间接依赖引入了新版Jvm包，而MAUI项目默认依赖的Ktx包版本较低，二者版本不匹配导致冲突。

解决方案 #

• 统一AndroidX.Collection相关包版本：在项目的Directory.Packages.props或.csproj文件中添加版本锁定，确保相关包使用同一兼容版本：

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageVersion Include="Xamarin.AndroidX.Collection" Version="1.3.0.2" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Xamarin.AndroidX.Collection.Ktx" Version="1.3.0.2" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Xamarin.AndroidX.Collection.Jvm" Version="1.3.0.2" />
  </ItemGroup>
  

• 清理并重新还原依赖：执行以下命令清理NuGet缓存并重新获取依赖：

  dotnet nuget locals all --clear
  dotnet restore
  

• 检查依赖树排除冲突：使用dotnet list package --include-transitive查看项目的完整依赖树，确认是否有其他包引入了旧版Collection相关包，必要时通过PackageReference的ExcludeAssets或PrivateAssets排除冲突依赖。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者FreakyAli